Babban sirrin zane na ɗakin karatu na Genesis, inda masu yin ƙirar yumbu na tsofaffin makaranta da sabbin wizards na dijital suka haɗu don ƙirƙirar motar nan gaba.
Kamar yadda fursunonin da ke ƙasan kayan barcin Zuƙowa suka tabbatar, ɗaukar dijital na duniyar zahiri ya kusan ƙarewa.Daga CGI Marvels da masu fasaha na NFT zuwa watsawa ta atomatik da motoci masu tuka kansu, tsofaffi, hanyoyin hannu - da kuma wadanda suka yi rantsuwa da su - ana yanka su a can, sau da yawa mawaƙa na "da kyau, jarirai masu tasowa."
Haka lamarin yake a fannin kera motoci, kamar yadda duk wani ma’aikacin mota da robot ya kora zai tabbatar da hakan.A Genesis Design North America, Road & Track shine bugu na farko don samun damar shiga wannan ɗakin sirri na ciki na Irvine, California.Hans Lapine, manajan daraktan cibiyar, ya ce wani ma’aikacin kafafen yada labarai ya yi tattaki zuwa farfajiyar dakin kallo kafin a kama shi.Lapine ɗan asalin Detroit ne, tsohon masana'anta samfurin Porsche ('ya'yansa sun haɗa da 956 da 959), kuma ya kasance babban mai ƙirar Audi da Volkswagen a Amurka tsawon shekaru 20.Zai yi da kansa a cikin 2021, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa muke nan: kalli cikakken sikelin yumbu ta hanyar kwararrun kwararru.Ta hanyar Janar Motors 'mai hangen nesa mai fasaha-injiniya Harley J. Earl, motoci masu ra'ayi, canje-canje na shekara-shekara, reshe na baya, Corvette, da kuma sana'a na "tsarin mota", wannan wani nau'i ne na taimako wanda ya taimake mu mu haifi motoci.Art.Samfurin yumbu sun kasance tushen yawancin motoci a duniya.Kamar yawancin abubuwan al'ajabi na masana'antu, wannan tsohuwar al'adar tana fuskantar barazanar haɓakar kayan aikin dijital: software da manyan nuni, injin niƙa na kwamfuta, da bugu na 3D.Duk da haka, samfurin yumbu har yanzu yana wanzu.
Mun shiga cikin jerin manyan dakuna, masu fararen katanga, da haske mai kyau da situdiyo.Ita ce tushen ƙirar ƙira mai cin nasara da ba kasafai ba, gami da Farawa G70 da sedans G80, da GV70 da GV80 SUVs.Lashe lambar yabo da mahimmancin karimcinsu yana tunatar da mutane game da zamanin Audi da ya gaza, lokacin da alamar Jamusanci ta yi amfani da dabaru iri-iri-na zamani, ƙirar ƙira, da abubuwan alatu-zuwa tallace-tallacen Amurka kusan sau uku da daraja kanta.Kasance mai fafatawa na gaske na Mercedes-Benz da BMW.
Masu zanen Farawa sun haɗa da Tony Chen da Chris Ha, kuma cikakkun abubuwan da suka dawo sun haɗa da ƙwarewar aiki a Audi, Volkswagen da Lucid.Ƙarƙashin tallafin duniya na tsohon mai tsara Bentley SangYup Lee, su ne masu sarrafa kerawa na GV80 na waje da ciki.Ɗaliban waɗannan kwalejoji na cibiyar fasaha sun tabbatar da cewa har yanzu zane-zane na hannu suna cika kowane tebur na zane da kwandon shara, wanda shine farkon kowane lokaci na aha.Amma tsakanin takarda da lãka mai cikakken sikelin, waɗannan ƙirƙira yanzu kusan gaba ɗaya suna haɓaka waɗannan nau'ikan a cikin daular dijital.Chen da Ha sun ƙaddamar da software na Autodesk.GV80 mai cikakken girma yana walƙiya daga nunin bangon kuma ya dace cikin ɗakin babban mugu mai tsayi ƙafa 24 da tsayi ƙafa 7.Marubucin zai gamsar da kowane mujallu ko tallan TV.Tare da ƴan ƙwanƙwasa linzamin kwamfuta, Chen ya daidaita hasken baya kuma ya zana tare da daidaita madaidaicin layin sifa.Waɗannan ayyukan na iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa don kammalawa.
Lapine ya ce a da, masu zanen kaya sun yi amfani da yumbu don samar da kowane milimita na juyin halitta.Cikakken samfurin na iya buƙatar $20,000 a cikin kayan, wanda ba zai yi kama da yawa ba har sai an sami shawarwarin mota guda 20 masu fafatawa a nan gaba.Fasahar dijital ta baiwa masu zanen kaya damar yin aiki tare da yin gasa a duniya ba tare da jigilar yumbu mai yawa zuwa sassan duniya ba, kuma ba tare da masu gudanarwa da masu zanen kaya ba suna yin balaguro na musamman don lura da su.
"Za mu iya aika da gaske zuwa Koriya ta Kudu," in ji Chen game da waɗannan ayyukan Autodesk.A lokacin COVID, kayan aikin da ke kan allo abin godiya ne.Ƙungiyar Lean Design a Farawa ba ta ƙara kokawa da ƙirar sikeli ba.Lapine ya ce suna bata lokaci da albarkatu."Kuna busa su, ƙimar duk ba daidai ba ne."
Na gaba, Justin Horton, shugaban hangen nesa a Farawa, ya sanya na'urar kai ta gaskiya a kai na.Wani raye-rayen, GV80, ya cika hangen nesa na, yanzu tare da sararin sama da ruwa.Wannan ba tare da Xbox ba: Farawa ya yi kama da gaske don ya zama abin taɓawa, kuma injiniyoyi sun riga sun amsa tactilely tare da firikwensin yatsa.Wataƙila nan ba da jimawa ba, za mu taɓa kuma mu shaƙar fata na “ainihin” yayin sayayya a cikin duniyar kama-da-wane.
Yanzu da muka ga ƙattai suna fuskantar kwaikwaiyo, lokaci ya yi da za mu sadu da ƴan Davids: Mike Farnham, babban mai ƙirar Farawa, da Preston Moore, babban mawallafi kuma malami a Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha.A gabanmu akwai samfurin rarrabuwar kawuna na GV80, rabin abin da ke gabatar da siffa mai ban mamaki game da mummunan yanayin.A cikin ɓangaren da ba a gama ba, yumbun ocher yana taurare kamar dusar ƙanƙara, wanda aka murƙushe ta hannun ɗan adam da bakon yatsa.Dangane da abin da mutane ke da shi, na gaske da na gaskiya suna da ban mamaki: kamar "mota" da za ta iya kusantar ainihin kyawawan sassa na Brâncuși.Lambun ya ja hankalin hannayena, kuma ƙwanƙwasa ƙurar ƙura ba ta da iyaka, kamar kayan daki a cikin babban kanti.
Kasan yana goyan bayan bugu mai sassaka, karfe da katako a cikin sigar Styrofoam, wanda aka niƙa cikin sifofi masu aiki kuma an rufe shi da yumbu mai kauri.Ba ma'ana ba ne a sassaka samfuran gaba ɗaya a cikin yumbu, musamman tunda suna auna tan da yawa.Tun daga shekara ta 1909, ainihin ra'ayin bai canza sosai ba. A lokacin, Harley Earl, ɗan shekara 16 (ɗan wani ƙera motoci) ya fara kera samfuran mota na gaba a kan dokin katako, ta yin amfani da samfura daga tsaunukan arewacin Los Angeles.Laka a kan gadon kogin.
Kayan aikin ƙirar galibi ana yin su ne na gida kuma na keɓantacce (daidaita kuma ya ba da kwat ɗinsa ga ’ya’yansa maza) ana sanya su a kan akwatunan kayan aiki da ke kusa, suna kama da kayan aikin tiyata na zamanin da: rake, kayan aikin waya, shirin “aladu”, spline rectangular.
"Wadannan kayan aikin sun zama kari na kanku," in ji Farnham.Ya zaɓi splines na fiber carbon, mai lankwasa fiber ɗin don "ƙaratar" murfin GV80, ya goge shi da hannaye biyu, kuma ya lanƙwasa da yardar rai, wanda ya tunatar da shi shekarun da ya yi na gwaninta a cikin tsara katako.
"Hannun ku a zahiri yana ƙirƙirar siffar da kuke son aiwatarwa ta fuskoki uku," in ji shi, da fasaha yana haɓaka saman."Ba za ku iya yin wannan a cikin VR ba. Wani lokaci ba za ku iya ɗaukar ƙauna ta hanyar lambobi ba."
Ya ce carbon fiber babban kayan aikin kwaikwayo ne.Yana da haske, mai wuya, yana kiyaye lanƙwasa, kuma yana barin ƙwaƙƙwaran dabarar da masu zanen kaya suke so.
Clay yana da ductility mara iyaka, wanda za'a iya gyara shi ta ƙara ko rage kayan.Tulin pallet ɗin ya ƙunshi akwatunansa, an shirya su a cikin silinda mai girman gwangwanin wasan tennis.Farawa yana goyon bayan Marsclay Medium daga alamar Jamusanci Staedtler, wanda ke ba da Wanene Wane ga masu kera motoci da kuma farawar wutar lantarki.Samfurin yana buƙatar kimanin ƙimar pallet huɗu.(Ford yana amfani da fam 200,000 na waɗannan abubuwa a kowace shekara.) Tanda da aka ƙera don ƙyanƙyashe kaji za su iya taimaka yanzu ƙyanƙyashe motoci, dumama yumbun zuwa digiri 140 don tausasa shi.Da alama babu wanda ya san ainihin abin da ke cikinta.Farnham ya taɓa ƙoƙarin yin aikin kansa don buɗe asirinsa.Kamfanin yumbu a hankali yana kare tsarin mallakar mallaka.
Sigar masana'antu ce ta yumbu mai filastik, amma a zahiri baya ƙunshi yumbun ma'adinai.William Harbart, shugaban Cibiyar Bath Art Institute a Burtaniya, ya kirkiro filastik a cikin 1897, yana neman matsakaicin matsakaici wanda ba zai bushe a iska ba ga ɗalibai.Wakilin Staedtler ya ce an yi shi ne da kakin man fetur, pigments da filaye.Sulfur yana ba da kaddarorin ƙirar ƙira na musamman ga yumbu, gami da kwanciyar hankali na gefe da mannewar Layer, da kuma wari na musamman.Staedtler ya ci gaba da gyara Hasken Marsclay, wanda ke amfani da ƙananan gilashin microspheres maimakon sulfur, amma ya yarda cewa aikin nasa ba zai iya yin daidai da aikin ƙirar masana'anta ba tukuna.
Akwai wani abu da ba za ku iya yi ba a cikin VR: yi koyi da rana ta California daidai.Kowane ƙera mota yana duba samfurin a waje a cikin hasken rana mara ƙarfi.
Yayin da GV80 ya shiga harabar bangon Genesis ivy, Farnham ya fitar da wani kayan aiki na musamman: wuka mai rahusa mai arha mai rike da katako.A cikin tsayayyen hannaye na Farnham, ya zama cikakkiyar kayan aiki don yiwa layin yankan akan dashboard na Farawa.
Yanzu ana amfani da yumbu mai ƙarfi don tabbatar da bayanan dijital.Lapine ya ce "karnival na dare" na haɗa sauye-sauyen ƙira ya ƙare.Haɗu da sabon motsi na dare: injin CNC mai axis biyar mai suna Poseidon, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta sararin samaniya da sassan ruwa, ya fi girma fiye da gidaje da yawa a Manhattan.A cikin rumfar gilashin, kayan aikin sandal guda biyu suna aiki tuƙuru a ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban gantry, ribbon confetti na yumbu yana fantsama kamar robot Rodin.Lokacin da SUV hatchback ya fito daga sigar sa, mun kalli nunin hypnotic.Kamar ƙarshen ƙirar ƙira, Poseidon ya maye gurbin na'ura mafi mahimmanci.Sabon zai iya fitar da samfurin a cikin kimanin sa'o'i 80 kuma ya gudanar da shi yayin da ma'aikaci ke barci.Masu yin ƙirar ɗan adam na iya mai da hankali kan filaye da cikakkun bayanai, daga dalla-dalla dalla-dalla na fender zuwa ƙarshen kaho.Farnham ya ce zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin a kera hadadden grille na GV80 daga karce, tare da kawar da wasu sauran nasihohi daga budaddiyar giciye.Firintar 3D ta tofa sitiyari, lever gear, madubi na baya, da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa don gani cikin sauri.
Farnham ya yarda da ƙarfin waɗannan kayan aikin da ake iya tsarawa.Amma ya ce an yi asarar wasu abubuwa.Ya rasa kusancin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu zanen kaya da masu ƙirar ƙira - ra'ayin soyayya na al'ada na masu fasahar mota suna daidaita layin a nan da kugu a can."Kuna ƙoƙarin bayyana ra'ayoyinsu mai girma biyu a cikin 3D, kuma a nan ne amincewa da haɗin gwiwa ke shiga da gaske," in ji Farnham.Wannan ya haɗa da kyakkyawan tunani na mai ƙira akan abin da ke da inganci.Shin Farnham yana jin yiwuwar fashewa?gaske.
"Na yi aiki a kan GV80 super na dogon lokaci, kuma masu zane-zane a bangarorin biyu suna jayayya game da shi kuma suna tunanin, 'Wannan yana da zafi sosai. Zan kashe kuɗina akan wannan zane. "
Lapine ya kasance mai ƙididdigewa shekaru da yawa, kuma yanzu yana da alhakin kula da yanayin gaba ɗaya kuma yana da cikakkiyar fahimta game da rawar taimako na ƙirar ƙira.Ya ce a bushe cewa yumbu ya kasance addini.Ba kuma, amma rawar ta har yanzu tana da ban sha'awa da mahimmanci.
"Har yau, wannan shine mataki na ƙarshe a cikin tsarin ƙira, inda za ku iya kimantawa kuma ku sami amincewa: wannan kwikwiyo zai shiga cikin samarwa; kowa ya yarda, "in ji shi.
Lapine da kansa mai tsara ƙarni na uku ne.Mahaifiyarsa Janet Lapin (mai suna Krebs) na ɗaya daga cikin "'yan mata masu zane" na Piaget, kuma wannan suna mai girman kai ya fusata masu zanen mata har ma a lokacin.Masu sha'awar za su yi tunanin mahaifin Lapine: Anatole "Tony" Lapine, wanda ya tsara Porsche 924 da 928, kuma a karkashin jagorancin Bill Mitchell, ya yi aiki tare da Larry Shinoda don ƙirƙirar 1963 Corvette Stingray na shekara.
Inda Earl ke da sabon fasahar fasaharsa da sashin launi, aikin Farnham shine ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar ƙira waɗanda ke tafiya cikin sauƙi tsakanin wuraren dijital da analog.Wannan ya nuna cewa Farawa har yanzu yana ganin ƙimar wannan balagagge Play-Doh, wanda ba wasa bane.
"Abin farin ciki ne a gare ni ganin matasa sun yaba da wannan," in ji Farnham."Ba sa son zama a gaban kwamfutar ko da yaushe; suna son yin aiki da hannayensu ... Manufara ita ce in dauki tawagar da za ta iya yin duk aikin-sculpting, digital modeling, scanning, milling. shirye-shiryen injin - don haka zan iya samun dukkan kayan aikin a cikin kayan aikin."
Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai wata tambaya ɗaya da ba za a iya kauce masa ba: Shin kayan aikin dijital za su yi kyau sosai har su maye gurbin yumbu gaba ɗaya?
"Wannan na iya faruwa," in ji Lapin."Ba wanda ya san inda wannan tafiya za ta dosa. Amma ina ganin mun yi sa'ar samun ilimi a duniyar analog, don haka muna godiya da adadi."
"A karshe bincike, ba mu ke kera motoci don duniyar kama-da-wane ba. Muna kera motoci na gaske inda mutane za su iya taɓawa, tuƙi da zama a cikin abubuwan 3D. Wannan duniyar ce ta zahiri wacce ba za ta ɓace ba."
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-13-2021