ROME, Epulo 1 (Xinhua) - Pamene chinsomba chokhala ndi pakati chokhala ndi ma kilogalamu 22 a pulasitiki m'mimba mwake chidasamba chakufa kumapeto kwa sabata pagombe la alendo ku Porto Cervo, malo odziwika bwino atchuthi pachilumba cha Sardinia ku Italy, mabungwe azachilengedwe adafulumira. kuwunikira kufunikira kolimbana ndi zinyalala zam'madzi ndi kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki.
"Choyamba chomwe chidatuluka pakufufuza kwachinyamacho ndichakuti nyamayo inali yowonda kwambiri," katswiri wazamoyo zam'madzi Mattia Leone, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa bungwe lopanda phindu lochokera ku Sardinia lotchedwa Scientific Education & Activities in the Marine Environment (SEA ME), adauza Xinhua. Lolemba.
“Anali m’litali pafupifupi mamita asanu ndi atatu, wolemera pafupifupi matani asanu ndi atatu ndipo anali atanyamula mwana wosabadwayo wa mamita 2.27,” Leone anasimba za namgumi wakufa wa sperm whale, zamoyo zomwe iye anazifotokoza kukhala “zosowa kwambiri, zosalimba kwambiri,” ndipo zaikidwa m’gulu la namgumi wakufa. pa chiopsezo cha kutha.
Anangumi achikazi amakula ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ndipo amabereka zaka 3-5 zilizonse, kutanthauza kuti akapatsidwa kukula kochepa - amuna okhwima amatha kufika mamita 18 m'litali -- chitsanzo cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja chiyenera kukhala choyamba- nthawi yobereka.
Kuwunika kwa m'mimba mwake kunawonetsa kuti adadya zikwama zakuda, mbale, makapu, zidutswa za mapaipi, zingwe zophera nsomba ndi maukonde, ndi chidebe chotsukira makina ochapira chokhala ndi bar code yowoneka bwino, adatero Leone.
"Nyama za m'nyanja sizidziwa zomwe timachita pamtunda," adatero Leone."Kwa iwo, sichachilendo kukumana ndi zinthu panyanja zomwe sizinadyedwe, ndipo pulasitiki yoyandama imafanana kwambiri ndi squid kapena jellyfish - zakudya zazikulu za sperm whales ndi nyama zina zam'madzi."
Pulasitiki sichigayidwa, choncho imadziunjikira m'mimba mwa nyama, kuwapatsa malingaliro onyenga a kukhuta.“Nyama zina zimasiya kudya, zina monga akamba zimalepheranso kudumphira pansi kuti zisakasaka chakudya chifukwa pulasitiki yomwe ili m’mimba mwake imakhala ndi mpweya, pamene zina zimadwala chifukwa pulasitiki imawononga chitetezo cha mthupi mwawo,” adatero Leone.
"Tikuwona kuwonjezeka kwa ma cetaceans okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja chaka chilichonse," adatero Leone."Ino ndi nthawi yoti tipeze njira zina zopangira mapulasitiki, monga momwe tikuchitira ndi zinthu zina zambiri, mwachitsanzo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Tasintha, ndipo teknoloji yapanga njira zazikulu, kotero tikhoza kupeza zinthu zowonongeka kuti zilowe m'malo mwa pulasitiki. "
Njira imodzi yotereyi idapangidwa kale ndi Catia Bastioli, woyambitsa komanso wamkulu wa kampani yopanga mapulasitiki osawonongeka otchedwa Novamont.Mu 2017, Italy idaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki m'masitolo akuluakulu, m'malo mwa matumba owonongeka omwe amapangidwa ndi Novamont.
Kwa Bastioli, kusintha kwa chikhalidwe kuyenera kuchitika anthu asanalankhule ndi mapulasitiki kamodzi kokha."Pulasitiki si yabwino kapena yoipa, ndi teknoloji, ndipo monga matekinoloje onse, ubwino wake umadalira momwe umagwiritsidwira ntchito," Bastioli, katswiri wa sayansi yophunzitsa maphunziro, anauza Xinhua poyankhulana posachedwapa.
"Mfundoyi ndi yakuti tiyenera kuganiziranso ndikukonzanso dongosolo lonselo mozungulira, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa momwe tingathere, pogwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki mwanzeru komanso pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira. Mwachidule, sitingaganize za kukula kopanda malire kwa mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. ," adatero Bastioli.
Kupanga kwa Bastioli kwa ma bioplastic opangidwa ndi starch kunamupatsa mphotho ya European Inventor of the Year mu 2007 kuchokera ku European Patent Office, ndipo adapatsidwa Order of Merit ndikupangidwa kukhala Knight of Labor ndi apurezidenti a Republic of Italy (Sergio Mattarella mu 2017 ndi Giorgio Napolitano mu 2013).
"Tiyenera kulingalira kuti 80 peresenti ya kuipitsa m'nyanja kumayamba chifukwa cha kusasamalidwa bwino kwa zinyalala pamtunda: ngati tipititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka moyo wa mapeto a moyo, timathandizanso kuchepetsa zinyalala za m'nyanja. pazotsatira zake osaganizira zomwe zimayambitsa, "atero Bastioli, yemwe watenga mphoto zambiri chifukwa cha ntchito yake yochita upainiya monga wasayansi wodalirika komanso wamalonda - kuphatikizapo Golden Panda mu 2016 kuchokera ku bungwe la zachilengedwe la World Wildife Fund (WWF).
M'mawu omwe adatulutsidwa Lolemba, ofesi yaku Italy ya WWF, yasonkhanitsa kale anthu pafupifupi 600,000 osayina pempho lapadziko lonse ku United Nations lotchedwa "Stop Plastic Pollution" linanena kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anamgumi a umuna omwe adapezeka atafa ku Mediterranean anali ndi kugaya kwawo. machitidwe otsekedwa ndi pulasitiki, yomwe imapanga 95 peresenti ya zinyalala zam'madzi.
Ngati anthu sasintha, "pofika chaka cha 2050 nyanja zapadziko lapansi zidzakhala ndi pulasitiki yambiri kuposa nsomba," inatero WWF, yomwe inanenanso kuti malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Eurobaromoter, 87 peresenti ya anthu a ku Ulaya akuda nkhawa ndi momwe pulasitiki imakhudzira. thanzi ndi chilengedwe.
Padziko lonse lapansi, Europe ndi yachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga pulasitiki pambuyo pa China, yomwe imataya mpaka matani 500,000 apulasitiki m'nyanja chaka chilichonse, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa WWF.
Kupezeka kwa Lamlungu kwa chinsomba chakufa cha sperm whale kudabwera pambuyo poti opanga malamulo ku Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Europe adavotera 560 ku 35 sabata yatha kuti aletse pulasitiki yogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pofika 2021. Chigamulo cha ku Europe chikutsatira chisankho cha China cha 2018 chosiya kutulutsa zinyalala za pulasitiki, South China Morning Post inanena Lolemba. .
Kusuntha kwa EU kunalandiridwa ndi bungwe la Italy la zachilengedwe la Legambiente, Pulezidenti wake, Stefano Ciafani, adanena kuti dziko la Italy silinangoletsa matumba apulasitiki apulasitiki komanso nsonga za Q ndi microplastics mu zodzoladzola.
"Tikupempha boma kuti liitane nthawi yomweyo onse omwe akukhudzidwa nawo - opanga, oyang'anira madera, ogula, mabungwe osamalira zachilengedwe - kuti atsagana ndi kusinthaku ndikuchita bwino ntchito yochotsa pulasitiki," adatero Ciafani.
Malinga ndi bungwe loyang'anira zachilengedwe la bungwe la Greenpeace, mphindi iliyonse chofanana ndi pulasitiki chodzaza ndi pulasitiki chimathera m'nyanja zapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa chifukwa chosowa mpweya kapena kusadya bwino kwa mitundu 700 ya nyama - kuphatikiza akamba, mbalame, nsomba, anamgumi ndi ma dolphin - omwe amalakwitsa. zinyalala za chakudya.
Zoposa matani biliyoni asanu ndi atatu azinthu zapulasitiki zapangidwa kuyambira m'ma 1950, ndipo pakadali pano 90 peresenti ya mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi samasinthidwanso, malinga ndi Greenpeace.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-24-2019