Kusasinthasintha, kuyeza kolondola kwa kutentha ndikofunikira m'makampani apulasitiki kuti atsimikizire kutsirizitsa koyenera kwa zinthu za thermoformed.Pazinthu zonse zokhazikika komanso zozungulira, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kupsinjika mu gawo lomwe lapangidwa, pomwe kutentha kokwera kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto monga matuza ndi kutayika kwa mtundu kapena gloss.
M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana momwe kupita patsogolo kwa kuyeza kwa kutentha kwa infrared (IR) sikungothandizira ntchito za thermoforming kukhathamiritsa njira zawo zopangira ndi zotsatira zabizinesi, komanso kumathandizira kutsata miyezo yamakampani pamtundu womaliza wazinthu komanso kudalirika.
Thermoforming ndi njira yomwe pepala la thermoplastic limapangidwira kuti likhale lofewa komanso losavuta kutenthedwa ndi kutentha, ndi bi-axially deforming pokakamizidwa kukhala mawonekedwe atatu-dimensional.Izi zitha kuchitika ngati pali nkhungu kapena palibe.Kutenthetsa pepala la thermoplastic ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri pakupangira thermoforming.Makina opangirawo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zotenthetsera zamtundu wa masangweji, zomwe zimakhala ndi mapanelo otenthetsera ma infrared pamwamba ndi pansi pa pepalalo.
Kutentha kwapakati pa pepala la thermoplastic, makulidwe ake ndi kutentha kwa malo opangira zinthu zonse zimakhudza momwe maunyolo apulasitiki a polima amathamangira m'malo owumbika ndikusintha kukhala semi-crystalline polima.Mamolekyu omalizira oundana amatsimikizira maonekedwe a chinthucho, komanso momwe zinthuzo zimagwirira ntchito.
Moyenera, pepala la thermoplastic liyenera kutentha mofanana ndi kutentha kwake koyenera.Tsambalo limasamutsidwa kupita kumalo opangira, komwe chida chimakankhira pa nkhungu kupanga gawolo, pogwiritsa ntchito vacuum kapena mpweya wopanikizika, nthawi zina mothandizidwa ndi pulagi yamakina.Pomaliza, gawolo limatuluka mu nkhungu pagawo lozizirira la ndondomekoyi.
Makina ambiri opanga ma thermoforming amapangidwa ndi makina odyetsera, pomwe makina odyetsera mapepala ndi amagetsi ang'onoang'ono.Ndi ntchito zazikulu kwambiri za voliyumu, makina ophatikizika kwathunthu, pamzere, otsekeka-loop thermoforming amatha kulungamitsidwa.Mzere umalandira pulasitiki zopangira ndi extruders kudya mwachindunji mu makina thermoforming.
Mitundu ina ya zida zopangira thermoforming imathandizira kubzala nkhani yomwe idapangidwa mkati mwa makina a thermoforming.Kulondola kwakukulu kwa kudula kumatheka pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi chifukwa chopangidwa ndi chigoba sichifuna kuyikanso.Njira zina ndi pamene mapepala opangidwa amalozera mwachindunji kumalo olimapo.
Kuchulukitsitsa kwachulukidwe kambiri kumafunikira kuphatikizika kwa gawo la stacker ndi makina a thermoforming.Zikasungidwa, zolemba zomalizidwa zimalongedza m'mabokosi kuti azitengera kwa kasitomala.Chigoba chopatulidwacho chimayikidwa pa mandrill kuti chidulidwe motsatira kapena kudutsa mu makina odula pamzere ndi makina a thermoforming.
Large sheet thermoforming ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe imatha kusokonezedwa, yomwe imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magawo okanidwa.Zofunikira zamasiku ano zamtundu wapamwamba, kulondola kwa makulidwe, nthawi yozungulira ndi zokolola, zophatikizidwa ndi zenera laling'ono lopangira ma polima atsopano ndi mapepala ambiri, zapangitsa opanga kufunafuna njira zowongolera izi.
Pa thermoforming, kutentha kwa pepala kumachitika kudzera mu radiation, convection, ndi conduction.Njirazi zimabweretsa kukayikira kwakukulu, komanso kusinthasintha kwa nthawi ndi zosagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kutentha kwa kutentha.Kuphatikiza apo, kutenthetsa kwamasamba ndi njira yogawidwa bwino yofotokozedwa bwino ndi ma equation ang'onoang'ono.
Thermoforming imafuna mapu olondola, otentha amitundu yambiri asanapange magawo ovuta.Vutoli limakulitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti kutentha kumayendetsedwa pazigawo zotentha, pamene kugawa kwa kutentha pamtunda wa pepala ndilo kusintha kwakukulu.
Mwachitsanzo, zinthu za amorphous monga polystyrene nthawi zambiri zimasunga umphumphu wake zikatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwake chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwakukulu.Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zosavuta kugwira ndi kupanga.Chinthu cha crystalline chikatenthedwa, chimasintha kwambiri kuchoka ku cholimba kupita ku madzi pamene kutentha kwake kwasungunuka kufika, kumapangitsa kuti zenera la kutentha likhale lochepa kwambiri.
Kusintha kwa kutentha kozungulira kumayambitsanso mavuto mu thermoforming.Njira yoyesera ndi yolakwika yopezera liwiro la chakudya chopangira mipukutu yovomerezeka ikhoza kukhala yosakwanira ngati kutentha kwa fakitale kungasinthe (ie, m'miyezi yachilimwe).Kusintha kwa kutentha kwa 10 ° C kumatha kukhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pazotulutsa chifukwa cha kutentha komwe kumakhala kocheperako.
Mwachizoloŵezi, ma thermoformers adalira njira zapadera zowongolera kutentha kwa pepala.Komabe, njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imapereka zotsatira zochepa poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimafunidwa ponena za kusasinthasintha kwa mankhwala ndi khalidwe.Othandizira ali ndi vuto lolinganiza, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kusiyana pakati pa chinsalu ndi kutentha kwa pamwamba, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madera onsewa akukhala mkati mwa kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi pepala lapulasitiki sikungatheke mu thermoforming chifukwa kumatha kuyambitsa zilema pamapulasitiki komanso nthawi zosavomerezeka.
Mochulukirachulukira, makampani apulasitiki akupeza phindu laukadaulo wosalumikizana ndi infrared pakuyesa kutentha ndi kuwongolera.Mayankho a infrared-based sensing ndi othandiza pakuyezera kutentha nthawi yomwe ma thermocouples kapena masensa ena amtundu wa probe sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena satulutsa deta yolondola.
Ma thermometers osalumikizana ndi IR atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira kutentha kwa njira zomwe zikuyenda mwachangu komanso moyenera, kuyeza kutentha kwazinthu mwachindunji m'malo mwa uvuni kapena chowumitsira.Ogwiritsa ndiye mosavuta kusintha magawo ndondomeko kuonetsetsa mulingo woyenera kwambiri mankhwala khalidwe.
Pazogwiritsa ntchito ma thermoforming, makina owunikira kutentha kwa infrared nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito komanso chiwonetsero chamiyezo yochokera mu uvuni wa thermoforming.Thermometer ya IR imayesa kutentha kwa mapepala apulasitiki otentha, osuntha ndi 1% molondola.Digital panel mita yokhala ndi ma relay omangidwira imawonetsa data ya kutentha ndikutulutsa ma alarm pamene kutentha kwayikidwa kufika.
Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya infrared system, ma thermoformers amatha kukhazikitsa magawo a kutentha ndi kutulutsa, komanso ma emissivity ndi ma alarm point, kenako ndikuwunika kuwerengera kwa kutentha pa nthawi yeniyeni.Pamene ndondomekoyo igunda kutentha kwa malo oikidwa, relay imatseka ndipo mwina imayambitsa kuwala kwa chizindikiro kapena alamu yomveka kuti muwongolere kuzungulira.Deta ya kutentha kwa ndondomeko ikhoza kusungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kuzinthu zina kuti zifufuzidwe ndi zolemba zolemba.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa miyeso ya IR, opanga mizere yopangira amatha kudziwa momwe angakhazikitsire uvuni kuti akhutitse pepalalo munthawi yochepa kwambiri popanda kutenthetsa gawo lapakati.Zotsatira za kuwonjezera deta yolondola ya kutentha ku zochitika zenizeni zimathandiza kuumba drape ndi kukana kochepa kwambiri.Ndipo, mapulojekiti ovuta kwambiri okhala ndi zinthu zokhuthala kapena zoonda amakhala ndi makulidwe a khoma lofanana kwambiri akamatenthedwa pulasitiki mofanana.
Makina opangira ma thermoforming okhala ndi ukadaulo wa IR sensor amathanso kukhathamiritsa njira zopangira ma thermoplastic.Pochita izi, oyendetsa galimoto nthawi zina amayendetsa uvuni wawo kutentha kwambiri, kapena kusiya mbali zina mu nkhungu motalika kwambiri.Pogwiritsa ntchito makina okhala ndi sensa ya infrared, amatha kusunga kutentha kosasinthasintha pa nkhungu, kuonjezera kutulutsa komanso kulola kuti zigawo zichotsedwe popanda kutayika kwakukulu chifukwa chomamatira kapena kupunduka.
Ngakhale kuyeza kwa kutentha kwa infrared kosalumikizana kumapereka maubwino ambiri otsimikizika kwa opanga mapulasitiki, ogulitsa zida akupitiliza kupanga mayankho atsopano, kupititsa patsogolo kulondola, kudalirika komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kosavuta kwa makina a IR m'malo ofunikira opanga.
Pofuna kuthana ndi zovuta zowonera ndi ma thermometers a IR, makampani opanga zida apanga nsanja za sensor zomwe zimaphatikizira kuwonera chandamale, kuphatikiza ma laser kapena makanema.Njira yophatikizikayi imatsimikizira cholinga cholondola komanso malo omwe ali pamavuto kwambiri.
Ma Thermometers amathanso kuphatikizira kuyang'anira kanema wanthawi yeniyeni komanso kujambula ndi kusungira zithunzi zokha - potero kumapereka chidziwitso chatsopano chofunikira.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutenga chithunzithunzi chamchitidwewu mwachangu komanso mosavuta ndikuphatikiza zambiri za kutentha ndi nthawi/tsiku pazolembedwa zawo.
Ma thermometers amakono a IR amapereka kuwirikiza kawiri mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amtundu wakale, wokulirapo wa sensa, kukulitsa momwe amagwirira ntchito pakufunafuna njira zowongolera ndikulola kuti ma probe alowe m'malo mwachindunji.
Mapangidwe ena atsopano a sensa ya IR amagwiritsa ntchito kamutu kakang'ono kozindikira komanso magetsi osiyana.Masensa amatha kukwaniritsa 22:1 kuwala kwa 1 ndikupirira kutentha komwe kumayandikira 200 ° C popanda kuzizira kulikonse.Izi zimathandiza kuyeza kolondola kwa mawanga ang'onoang'ono m'malo otsekeka komanso zovuta zozungulira.Masensawa ndi ang'onoang'ono kuti akhazikike paliponse, ndipo amatha kusungidwa m'chipinda chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuti atetezedwe kuzinthu zovuta zamakampani.Zatsopano za IR sensor zamagetsi zathandiziranso kuthekera kosinthira ma siginecha, kuphatikiza kutulutsa mpweya, zitsanzo ndi kugwira, kugwira nsonga, kugwira chigwa ndi magwiridwe antchito.Ndi machitidwe ena, zosinthazi zitha kusinthidwa kuchokera ku mawonekedwe akutali kuti zitheke.
Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha tsopano kusankha ma thermometers a IR okhala ndi chandamale chamoto, chowongolera kutali.Kuthekera kumeneku kumathandizira kusintha mwachangu komanso molondola kwa zomwe muyezedwera, mwina pamanja kumbuyo kwa chida kapena patali kudzera pa RS-232/RS-485 PC yolumikizira.
Masensa a IR okhala ndi chandamale choyang'ana patali amatha kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi zofunikira zilizonse, kuchepetsa mwayi woyika molakwika.Mainjiniya amatha kusinthiratu kayezedwe ka sensor kuchokera kuchitetezo cha ofesi yawo, ndikuyang'ana mosalekeza ndikulemba kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha pamachitidwe awo kuti achitepo kanthu mwamsanga.
Otsatsa akupititsa patsogolo kusinthasintha kwa kuyeza kwa kutentha kwa infrared popereka makina opangira ma calibration software, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera masensa omwe ali patsamba.Kuphatikiza apo, makina atsopano a IR amapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana ndi thupi, kuphatikiza zolumikizira mwachangu ndi ma terminals;mafunde osiyanasiyana oyezera kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha;ndi kusankha ma milliamp, millivolt ndi ma siginecha a thermocouple.
Opanga zida ayankha kuzinthu zotulutsa mpweya zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi masensa a IR popanga mayunitsi amfupi a kutalika kwa mafunde omwe amachepetsa zolakwika chifukwa cha kusatsimikizika kwa mpweya.Zipangizozi sizimakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa mpweya pa zinthu zomwe mukufuna monga momwe zimakhalira, zotentha kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, amapereka zowerengera zolondola kwambiri pazolinga zosiyanasiyana pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana.
Makina oyezera kutentha a IR okhala ndi mawonekedwe owongolera otulutsa mpweya amalola opanga kukhazikitsa maphikidwe omwe afotokozedwatu kuti agwirizane ndi kusintha kwazinthu pafupipafupi.Pozindikira msanga zosokoneza zamafuta mkati mwa muyeso wa muyeso, amalola wogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera mtundu wazinthu ndi kufanana, kuchepetsa zinyalala, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.Ngati cholakwika kapena cholakwika chikachitika, pulogalamuyo imatha kuyambitsa alamu kuti ilole kuwongolera.
Ukadaulo wowongoleredwa wa infrared sensor ungathandizenso kusintha njira zopangira.Othandizira amatha kusankha nambala yagawo kuchokera pamndandanda womwe ulipo wa kutentha ndikujambulitsa nsonga ya kutentha kulikonse.Njira iyi imachotsa kusanja ndikuwonjezera nthawi yozungulira.Imakulitsanso kuwongolera kwa madera otentha ndikuwonjezera zokolola.
Kuti ma thermoformers athe kusanthula bwino zobweza pazambiri zamakina oyezera kutentha kwa infrared, ayenera kuyang'ana zinthu zina zazikulu.Kuchepetsa mtengo wamtengo wapatali kumatanthauza kuganizira nthawi, mphamvu, ndi kuchuluka kwa zotsalira zomwe zingatheke, komanso kutha kusonkhanitsa ndi kufotokoza zambiri pa pepala lililonse lomwe likudutsa mu ndondomeko ya thermoforming.Ubwino wonse wa makina ojambulira a IR ndi awa:
• Kutha kusunga ndi kupatsa makasitomala chithunzi chotentha cha gawo lililonse lopangidwa kuti likhale ndi zolemba zabwino komanso kutsata kwa ISO.
Kuyeza kutentha kwa infrared kosalumikizana siukadaulo watsopano, koma zatsopano zaposachedwa zachepetsa mtengo, kudalirika kowonjezereka, ndikuthandizira magawo ang'onoang'ono oyezera.Ma Thermoformers omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa IR amapindula ndi kusintha kwa kupanga komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala.Ubwino wa zigawo umakhalanso bwino chifukwa opanga amapeza makulidwe ofananirako omwe amatuluka pamakina awo opangira thermoforming.
For more information contact R&C Instrumentation, +27 11 608 1551, info@randci.co.za, www.randci.co.za
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-19-2019