Zipangizo zamagetsi zovala zovala ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera thanzi lamunthu.Komabe, zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zanenedwa nthawi zambiri zimatha kulunjika chizindikiro chimodzi kapena kuphonya mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zikuwonetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwunika pang'ono kwa thanzi.Kuphatikiza apo, nsalu zokhala ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri komanso zotonthoza zimakhalabe zovuta.Apa, timapereka lipoti la triboelectric all-textile sensor array yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutonthoza.Imawonetsa kukhudzidwa kwa kuthamanga (7.84 mV Pa-1), nthawi yoyankha mwachangu (20 ms), kukhazikika (> 100,000 cycle), bandwidth yogwira ntchito (mpaka 20 Hz), komanso kutha kwa makina (> 40 kuchapa).Ma TATSA opangidwawo adasokedwa m'zigawo zosiyanasiyana za zovala kuti aziyang'anira kugunda kwamtima komanso kupuma kwanthawi imodzi.Tinapanganso njira yowunikira zaumoyo yowunika kwanthawi yayitali komanso kosasokoneza matenda amtima ndi matenda obanika kutulo, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa matenda ena osachiritsika.
Zipangizo zamagetsi zowoneka bwino zimayimira mwayi wopatsa chidwi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino pamankhwala amunthu payekha.Amatha kuyang'anira thanzi la munthu mosalekeza, nthawi yeniyeni, komanso yosasokoneza (1-11).Kugunda ndi kupuma, monga zigawo ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zazizindikiro, zimatha kupereka kuwunika kolondola kwa thupi komanso kuzindikira kodabwitsa pakuzindikiritsa komanso kuwunika kwa matenda okhudzana ndi matenda (12-21).Mpaka pano, zida zamagetsi zambiri zomwe zimatha kuvala kuti zizindikire zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za thupi zimatengera magawo a ultrathin monga polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, galasi, ndi silikoni (22-26).Chotsalira cha magawo awa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu chagona pamipangidwe yawo yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika.Zotsatira zake, matepi, ma Band-Aids, kapena zida zina zamakina zimafunika kuti zikhazikitse kulumikizana kolumikizana pakati pamagetsi ovala ndi khungu la munthu, zomwe zingayambitse kupsa mtima komanso kusokoneza pakagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali (27, 28).Kuphatikiza apo, zigawozi zimakhala ndi mpweya wochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, mosalekeza kuwunika zaumoyo.Kuti muchepetse zovuta zomwe tatchulazi pazaumoyo, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, nsalu zanzeru zimapereka yankho lodalirika.Zovala izi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a kufewa, kulemera kopepuka, ndi kupuma ndipo, motero, kuthekera kozindikira chitonthozo mumagetsi ovala.M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuyesayesa kwakukulu kwaperekedwa kuti apange makina opangira nsalu m'masensa ovuta, kukolola mphamvu, ndi kusunga (29-39).Makamaka, kafukufuku wopambana adanenedwapo pa fiber optical, piezoelectricity, ndi nsalu zanzeru zochokera ku resistivity zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powunika kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma (40-43).Komabe, nsalu zanzeru izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chidwi chochepa komanso gawo limodzi lowunikira ndipo sizingapangidwe pamlingo waukulu (tebulo S1).Pankhani yoyezera kugunda kwa mtima, mwatsatanetsatane ndizovuta kujambula chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwamphamvu komanso kofulumira kwa kugunda kwa mtima (mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe ake), motero, kukhudzika kwakukulu komanso kuyankha koyenera kumafunika.
Mu kafukufukuyu, tikuwonetsa gulu la triboelectric all-textile sensor array (TATSA) yokhala ndi chidwi chachikulu pakukoka kwa epidermal wosawoneka bwino, wolukidwa ndi ulusi wa nayiloni ndi ulusi wonse wa cardigan.TATSA imatha kupereka kukhudzidwa kwamphamvu (7.84 mV Pa−1), nthawi yoyankha mwachangu (20 ms), kukhazikika (> 100,000 cycle), bandwidth yogwira ntchito motalikira (mpaka 20 Hz), komanso kutha kwa makina (> 40 kuchapa).Imatha kudziphatikiza yokha muzovala mwanzeru, chitonthozo, komanso kukopa kokongola.Makamaka, TATSA yathu imatha kuphatikizidwa mwachindunji m'malo osiyanasiyana ansalu omwe amafanana ndi mafunde akugunda pakhosi, dzanja, chala, ndi akakolo komanso mafunde opumira pamimba ndi pachifuwa.Kuti tiwone momwe TATSA imagwirira ntchito bwino pakuwunika zaumoyo munthawi yeniyeni komanso kutali, timapanga njira yowunikira anthu kuti azitha kupeza ndikusunga ma sign a thupi powunika matenda amtima (CAD) komanso kuwunika kwa matenda obanika kutulo (SAS). ).
Monga tawonera mkuyu. 1A, ma TATSA awiri adasokedwa mu khafu ndi pachifuwa cha malaya kuti athe kuyang'anira mwamphamvu komanso munthawi imodzimodzi kugunda ndi kupuma, motsatana.Zizindikiro zakuthupi izi zidatumizidwa opanda zingwe ku intelligent mobile terminal application (APP) kuti aunikenso za thanzi.Chithunzi 1B chikuwonetsa TATSA yosokedwa munsalu, ndipo gawoli likuwonetsa mawonekedwe okulirapo a TATSA, yomwe idalukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa nayiloni wamalonda komanso ulusi wa cardigan.Poyerekeza ndi fundamental kusoka, wamba ndi zofunika kuluka njira, zonse cardigan kusokera anasankhidwa chifukwa kukhudzana kuzungulira mutu wa ulusi conductive ndi moyandikana tuck kusokera mutu wa nayiloni (mkuyu. S1) ndi pamwamba. m'malo molumikizana ndi mfundo, zomwe zimatsogolera kudera lalikulu lochitira zinthu zamtundu wa triboelectric.Kukonzekera ulusi conductive, ife anasankha zosapanga dzimbiri monga zokhazikika pachimake CHIKWANGWANI, ndi zidutswa zingapo za ulusi umodzi ply Terylene anali anapotola kuzungulira pachimake ulusi mu umodzi conductive ulusi ndi awiri a 0.2 mm (mkuyu. S2), amene anali ngati onse electrification pamwamba ndi electrode conducting.Ulusi wa nayiloni, womwe unali ndi mainchesi a 0.15 mm ndipo unkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo ena opangira magetsi, unali ndi mphamvu yolimba kwambiri chifukwa unali wopindidwa ndi ulusi wosakanizika (mkuyu. S3).Chithunzi 1 (C ndi D, motsatana) chikuwonetsa zithunzi za ulusi wopangidwa ndi nayiloni.Zolowetsazo zimawonetsa zithunzi zawo zofananira ndi ma electron microscopy (SEM), omwe amawonetsa gawo la mtanda wa ulusi woyendetsa komanso pamwamba pa ulusi wa nayiloni.Kulimba kwamphamvu kwa ulusi wa conductive ndi ulusi wa nayiloni kumapangitsa luso lawo loluka pamakina ogulitsa kuti asunge magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa masensa onse.Monga tikuonera mkuyu. 1E, ulusi wa nayiloni, ulusi wa nayiloni, ndi ulusi wamba zinkakulungidwa pamitsuko yake, ndipo kenako ankanyamulidwa pa makina oluka oluka pakompyuta apakompyuta kuti aziluka basi (filimu S1).Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu.S4, ma TATSA angapo adalukedwa pamodzi ndi nsalu wamba pogwiritsa ntchito makina akumafakitale.TATSA imodzi yokhala ndi makulidwe a 0.85 mm ndi kulemera kwa 0.28 g ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku dongosolo lonse kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito payekha, kusonyeza kuti limagwirizana kwambiri ndi nsalu zina.Kuphatikiza apo, ma TATSA atha kupangidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse zokongoletsa komanso zamafashoni chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi wa nayiloni wamalonda (mkuyu 1F ndi mkuyu. S5).Ma TATSA opangidwa ali ndi kufewa kwabwino kwambiri komanso kutha kupirira kupindika kapena kupindika mwamphamvu (mkuyu S6).Chithunzi 1G chikuwonetsa TATSA yosokedwa mwachindunji m'mimba ndi makapu a juzi.Njira yoluka sweti ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.S7 ndi kanema S2.Tsatanetsatane wa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa TATSA yotambasulidwa pamimba pamimba ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.S8 (A ndi B, motsatana), ndi malo a ulusi wa conductive ndi ulusi wa nayiloni akuwonetsedwa mkuyu.S8C.Zitha kuwoneka apa kuti TATSA imatha kuphatikizidwa munsalu wamba mopanda malire kuti iwoneke mwanzeru komanso mwanzeru.
(A) Ma TATSA awiri ophatikizidwa mu malaya kuti awonere kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma munthawi yeniyeni.(B) Chithunzi chojambula cha kuphatikiza kwa TATSA ndi zovala.Tsambali likuwonetsa mawonekedwe okulirapo a sensor.(C) Chithunzi cha ulusi wopangira (scale bar, 4 cm).Choyikapo ndi chithunzi cha SEM cha mtanda wa ulusi wa conductive (scale bar, 100 μm), womwe uli ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi ulusi wa Terylene.(D) Chithunzi cha ulusi wa nayiloni (sikelo, 4 cm).Choyikapo ndi chithunzi cha SEM cha pamwamba pa ulusi wa nayiloni (scale bar, 100 μm).(E) Chithunzi cha makina oluka athyathyathya apakompyuta omwe akuluka ma TATSA.(F) Chithunzi cha TATSA mumitundu yosiyanasiyana (scale bar, 2 cm).Zomwe zili mkati ndi TATSA yopotoka, yomwe imawonetsa kufewa kwake kopambana.(G) Chithunzi cha ma TATSA awiri osokedwa kwathunthu mu juzi.Photo credit: Wenjing Fan, Chongqing University.
Kusanthula ntchito limagwirira wa TATSA, kuphatikizapo mawotchi ndi magetsi katundu, ife anamanga zojambula kuluka chitsanzo cha TATSA, monga momwe mkuyu. 2A.Pogwiritsa ntchito stitch yonse ya cardigan, ulusi wa conductive ndi nayiloni umalumikizidwa m'njira zolumikizirana ndi njira.Chidutswa chimodzi (mkuyu S1) chimakhala ndi mutu wozungulira, mkono wozungulira, gawo lodutsa nthiti, mkono wosokera, ndi mutu wa stitch.Mitundu iwiri yolumikizirana pakati pa zingwe ziwiri zosiyana ingapezeke: (i) malo olumikizana pakati pa mutu wa loop wa ulusi wa conductive ndi tuck stitch mutu wa ulusi wa nayiloni ndi (ii) malo olumikizana pakati pa mutu wa loop. ulusi wa nayiloni ndi mutu wa tuck wa ulusi wochititsa chidwi.
(A) TATSA yokhala ndi kutsogolo, kumanja, ndi mbali zapamwamba za malupu oluka.(B) Zotsatira zoyeserera za kugawa kwamphamvu kwa TATSA pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwa 2 kPa pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya COMSOL.(C) Zithunzi zamakina otengera kusamutsa kwa kolumikizirana panthawi yochepa.(D) Zotsatira zofananira za kugawa kwagawo lolumikizirana pansi pamayendedwe otseguka pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya COMSOL.
Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya TATSA ikhoza kufotokozedwa m'mbali ziwiri: kulimbikitsa mphamvu zakunja ndi ndalama zake.Kuti timvetse bwino kugawanika kwa kupsinjika maganizo poyankha kusonkhezera kwa mphamvu yakunja, tinagwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwazinthu zomaliza pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a COMSOL pamagulu osiyanasiyana akunja a 2 ndi 0.2 kPa, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 2B ndi mkuyu.S9.Kupsyinjika kumawonekera pamagulu okhudzana ndi zingwe ziwiri.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu.S10, tidakambirana magawo awiri a loop kuti timveketse kugawa kwapakatikati.Poyerekeza kugawanika kwa kupanikizika pansi pa mphamvu ziwiri zosiyana zakunja, kupanikizika pamtunda wa ulusi wa conductive ndi nayiloni kumawonjezeka ndi mphamvu yowonjezera yakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhudzana ndi kutuluka pakati pa zingwe ziwirizo.Mphamvu yakunja ikatulutsidwa, zingwe ziwirizi zimalekanitsidwa ndikupita kutali.
Mayendedwe olekanitsa olumikizana pakati pa ulusi wa conductive ndi ulusi wa nayiloni amapangitsa kusamutsa kwa mtengo, komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa triboelectrification ndi electrostatic induction.Kuti tifotokoze bwino njira yopangira magetsi, timasanthula gawo la mtanda la malo omwe ulusiwo umagwirizana (mkuyu 2C1).Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 2 (C2 ndi C3, motsatana), pamene TATSA imalimbikitsidwa ndi mphamvu yakunja ndi zingwe ziwiri zimagwirizana wina ndi mzake, magetsi amapezeka pamtunda wa ulusi wa conductive ndi nayiloni, ndi milandu yofanana ndi yosiyana. polarities amapangidwa pamwamba pa zingwe ziwiri.Zingwe ziwirizi zikangosiyana, zolipiritsa zabwino zimapangitsidwa muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zamkati chifukwa cha mphamvu ya electrostatic induction.Ndondomeko yonse ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.S11.Kuti timvetse zambiri za njira yopangira magetsi, tinatengera momwe tingagawire TATSA pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya COMSOL (mkuyu 2D).Pamene zipangizo ziwirizi zikugwirizana, ndalamazo zimasonkhanitsa makamaka pazitsulo zowonongeka, ndipo ndalama zochepa zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhalapo pa electrode, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zochepa (mkuyu 2D, pansi).Pamene zida ziwirizo zimalekanitsidwa (mkuyu 2D, pamwamba), mtengo wonyengerera pa electrode ukuwonjezeka chifukwa cha kusiyana komwe kungatheke, ndi kuwonjezeka komwe kungatheke, zomwe zimasonyeza kugwirizana kwabwino pakati pa zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa kuchokera ku zoyesera ndi zomwe zimachokera ku mafanizidwe. .Kuphatikiza apo, popeza electrode yoyendetsa ya TATSA imakutidwa ndi ulusi wa Terylene ndipo khungu limalumikizana ndi zida ziwiri zolimbana, chifukwa chake, TATSA itavala mwachindunji pakhungu, chiwongolerocho chimadalira mphamvu yakunja ndipo sichidzatero. kufooka ndi khungu.
Kuti tiwonetse momwe TATSA yathu ikuyendera m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana, tinapereka njira yoyezera yomwe ili ndi jenereta yogwira ntchito, amplifier mphamvu, electrodynamic shaker, mphamvu yamagetsi, electrometer, ndi kompyuta (mkuyu S12).Dongosololi limapanga kukakamiza kwakunja kwamphamvu mpaka 7 kPa.Poyesera, TATSA inayikidwa pa pepala la pulasitiki lathyathyathya mu dziko laulere, ndipo zizindikiro zamagetsi zimalembedwa ndi electrometer.
Mafotokozedwe a ulusi wa conductive ndi nayiloni amakhudza momwe TATSA imagwirira ntchito chifukwa amazindikira momwe amalumikizirana komanso kuthekera kozindikira kukakamiza kwakunja.Kuti tifufuze izi, tidapanga miyeso itatu ya ulusiwo, motsatana: ulusi wowongolera wokhala ndi kukula kwa 150D/3, 210D/3, ndi 250D/3 ndi ulusi wa nayiloni wokhala ndi kukula kwa 150D/6, 210D/6, ndi 250D. /6 (D, denier; muyezo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa makulidwe a ulusi wa ulusi pawokha; nsalu zokhala ndi zokanira zambiri zimakhala zokhuthala).Kenako, tinasankha ulusi awiriwa ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana kuti tiziluke mu sensa, ndipo gawo la TATSA linasungidwa pa 3 cm ndi 3 masentimita ndi chiwerengero cha 16 mu njira ya wale ndi 10 mu njira ya maphunziro.Motero, masensa okhala ndi njira zisanu ndi zinayi zoluka anapezedwa.Kachipangizo ndi ulusi wa conductive ndi kukula kwa 150D/3 ndi ulusi wa nayiloni ndi kukula kwa 150D/6 anali thinnest, ndi sensa ndi ulusi conductive ndi kukula kwa 250D/3 ndi nayiloni ulusi ndi kukula kwa 250D/ 6 anali wokhuthala kwambiri.Pansi pa kusangalatsa kwamakina kwa 0.1 mpaka 7 kPa, zotulutsa zamagetsi zamitundu iyi zidafufuzidwa mwadongosolo ndikuyesedwa, monga momwe tawonera mkuyu 3A.Ma voltages otulutsa ma TATSA asanu ndi anayi awonjezeka ndi kuwonjezereka kogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchoka pa 0.1 kufika ku 4 kPa.Makamaka, pamapangidwe onse oluka, mawonekedwe a ulusi wa 210D/3 ndi ulusi wa nayiloni wa 210D/6 umapereka mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba kwambiri ndikuwonetsa chidwi kwambiri.Mphamvu yamagetsi yotulutsa idawonetsa kuchulukirachulukira ndi kuchuluka kwa makulidwe a TATSA (chifukwa chakulumikizana kokwanira) mpaka TATSA idalukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa 210D/3 ndi ulusi wa nayiloni 210D/6.Pamene kuwonjezereka kwa makulidwe kungapangitse kuyamwa kwa mphamvu yakunja ndi ulusi, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu imachepa moyenerera.Kuphatikiza apo, zimadziwika kuti m'dera lotsika kwambiri (<4 kPa), kusinthika kwamayendedwe abwino pama voliyumu otulutsa ndi kukakamiza kunapatsa mphamvu yakuthamanga kwa 7.84 mV Pa-1.M'dera lothamanga kwambiri (> 4 kPa), kutsika kwamphamvu kwa 0.31 mV Pa-1 kunawonedwa moyesera chifukwa cha kukhuta kwa malo ogwedezeka.Kukhudzika kwamphamvu kofananako kunawonetsedwa panthawi yotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.Mbiri ya nthawi ya konkriti yamagetsi yotulutsa ndi yapano pamavuto osiyanasiyana amawonetsedwa mkuyu.S13 (A ndi B, motsatana).
(A) Mphamvu zotulutsa pansi pamipangidwe isanu ndi inayi yoluka ya ulusi wowongolera (150D/3, 210D/3, ndi 250D/3) wophatikizidwa ndi ulusi wa nayiloni (150D/6, 210D/6, ndi 250D/6).(B) Kuyankha kwamagetsi pazinambala zosiyanasiyana zamalupu mudera lomwelo la nsalu posunga nambala ya loop munjira yosasinthika.(C) Mapulani omwe akuwonetsa mayankho pafupipafupi pansi pa mphamvu ya 1 kPa ndi mafupipafupi a 1 Hz.(D) Kutulutsa kosiyana ndi ma voltages apano pansi pa ma frequency a 1, 5, 10, ndi 20 Hz.(E) Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa TATSA pansi pa 1 kPa.(F) Zotsatira za TATSA mutatsuka 20 ndi 40 nthawi.
Mphamvu ya sensitivity ndi zotulutsa zidakhudzidwanso ndi kachulukidwe ka ma stitch a TATSA, omwe adatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa malupu pagawo loyezedwa la nsalu.Kuwonjezeka kwa kachulukidwe ka stitch kungapangitse kuphatikizika kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe ka nsalu.Chithunzi 3B chikuwonetsa zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pansi pa manambala osiyanasiyana a loop mu nsalu ya 3 cm ndi 3 cm, ndipo choyikapo chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a loop unit (tinasunga manambala a loop munjira ya 10, ndi loop nambala mu mayendedwe ake anali 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, ndi 26).Powonjezera chiwerengero cha loop, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu inayamba kusonyeza kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kukhudzana, mpaka kufika pamtunda wa 7.5 V ndi chiwerengero cha 180. TATSA idakhala yolimba, ndipo zingwe ziwirizo zidakhala ndi malo ochepa olekanitsa.Kuti tifufuze kuti kachulukidwe kameneka kamakhudza kwambiri zotulukapo, tidasunga nambala ya loop ya TATSA molunjika ku 18, ndipo nambala ya loop panjirayo idakhazikitsidwa kuti ikhale 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, ndi 14. Kutulutsa kofananako kumawonetsedwa mkuyu.S14.Poyerekeza, titha kuwona kuti kachulukidwe munjira yamaphunziro amakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yamagetsi.Zotsatira zake, njira yoluka ya ulusi wa 210D/3 ndi ulusi wa nayiloni 210D/6 ndi ma lop unit 180 adasankhidwa kuti aluke TATSA pambuyo pakuwunika mwatsatanetsatane momwe zimatulutsira.Kuphatikiza apo, tidafanizira zotuluka za masensa awiri a nsalu pogwiritsa ntchito stitch yonse ya cardigan ndi nsonga yosalala.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu.S15, kutulutsa kwamagetsi ndi kukhudzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito stitch yonse ya cardigan ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito stitch.
Nthawi yoyankha pakuwunika zizindikiro zenizeni zenizeni idayesedwa.Kuti tiwone nthawi yoyankhira ya sensa yathu ku mphamvu zakunja, tinkafanizira zizindikiro zamagetsi zotulutsa mphamvu ndi zolowetsa zamphamvu pamtundu wa 1 mpaka 20 Hz (mkuyu 3C ndi mkuyu S16, motero).Kutulutsa kwamagetsi kwamagetsi kunali kofanana ndi mafunde amphamvu a sinusoidal mopanikizika ndi 1 kPa, ndipo mawonekedwe otulutsa anali ndi nthawi yoyankha mwachangu (pafupifupi 20 ms).Hysteresis iyi ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mawonekedwe otanuka omwe sanabwerere ku chikhalidwe choyambirira mwamsanga atalandira mphamvu yakunja.Komabe, hysteresis yaying'ono iyi ndiyovomerezeka pakuwunikira nthawi yeniyeni.Kuti mupeze kukakamizidwa kosunthika ndi ma frequency angapo, kuyankha koyenera kwa TATSA kumayembekezeredwa.Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe afupipafupi a TATSA adayesedwanso.Ndi kuonjezera kunja kosangalatsa pafupipafupi, matalikidwe a linanena bungwe voteji anakhalabe pafupifupi wosasintha, pamene matalikidwe a panopa kuchuluka pamene pogogoda mafurikwense zosiyanasiyana 1 kuti 20 Hz (mkuyu. 3D).
Kuti tiwone kubwereza, kukhazikika, komanso kulimba kwa TATSA, tidayesa magetsi otulutsa ndi mayankho apano pamayendedwe otsitsa.Kuthamanga kwa 1 kPa ndi mafupipafupi a 5 Hz kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pa sensa.The nsonga-to-chimake voliyumu ndi panopa zinalembedwa pambuyo 100,000 Kutsitsa-kutsitsa m'zinthu (Fig. 3E ndi mkuyu. S17, motero).Mawonedwe owonjezereka a magetsi ndi mawonekedwe amakono akuwonetsedwa muzithunzi za 3E ndi mkuyu.S17, motero.Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kubwereza kodabwitsa, kukhazikika, komanso kulimba kwa TATSA.Kuchapitsidwa ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwunika kwa TATSA ngati chida cha nsalu zonse.Kuti tiwone kuthekera kochapira, tidayesa mphamvu yotulutsa sensa titatsuka TATSA ndi makina molingana ndi American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Test Method 135-2017.Njira yotsuka mwatsatanetsatane ikufotokozedwa mu Zida ndi Njira.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 3F, zotuluka zamagetsi zinalembedwa pambuyo posambitsa nthawi 20 ndi nthawi 40, zomwe zinasonyeza kuti panalibe kusintha kosiyana kwa magetsi otuluka panthawi yonse yosamba.Zotsatira izi zimatsimikizira kutha kwa TATSA.Monga chovala chovala chovala chovala, tinafufuzanso ntchito yotulutsa pamene TATSA inali yokhazikika (mkuyu.
Kutengera zabwino zambiri za TATSA zomwe zasonyezedwa pamwambapa, tidapanga makina owunikira opanda zingwe opanda zingwe (WMHMS), omwe amatha kupeza mosalekeza ma siginecha amthupi ndikupereka upangiri waukadaulo kwa wodwala.Chithunzi 4A chikuwonetsa chithunzi cha WMHMS kutengera TATSA.Dongosololi lili ndi zigawo zinayi: TATSA kuti ipeze ma siginecha a analogi, mawonekedwe oyendera ma analogi okhala ndi fyuluta yotsika (MAX7427) ndi amplifier (MAX4465) kuti atsimikizire zambiri zokwanira komanso kulumikizana kwabwino kwa ma sign, analogi-to-digital. chosinthira chotengera microcontroller unit kuti asonkhanitse ndikusintha ma siginecha a analogi kukhala ma siginecha adijito, ndi gawo la Bluetooth (CC2640 low-power Bluetooth chip) kuti atumize chizindikiro cha digito ku pulogalamu yolumikizira foni yam'manja (APP; Huawei Honor 9).Mu phunziro ili, tinasokerera TATSA mosasunthika kukhala lace, chingwe chapamanja, chala chala, ndi sock, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 4B.
(A) Chithunzi cha WMHMS.(B) Zithunzi za ma TATSA zosokedwa pazamba zam'manja, zala zala, sock, ndi lamba pachifuwa motsatana.Kuyeza kwa kugunda kwa (C1) khosi, (D1) dzanja, (E1) nsonga ya chala, ndi (F1) akakolo.Kuthamanga kwa mafunde pakhosi (C2) khosi, (D2) dzanja, (E2) nsonga ya chala, ndi (F2) akakolo.(G) Mafunde amphamvu azaka zosiyanasiyana.(H) Kusanthula kwa pulse wave wave.Radial augmentation index (AIx) imatanthauzidwa kuti AIx (%) = P2 / P1.P1 ndiye nsonga ya mafunde omwe akupita patsogolo, ndipo P2 ndiye nsonga ya mafunde owoneka bwino.(I) Kuzungulira kwamphamvu kwa brachial ndi bondo.Pulse wave velocity (PWV) imatanthauzidwa kuti PWV = D/∆T.D ndi mtunda pakati pa bondo ndi brachial.∆T ndiye kuchedwa kwa nthawi pakati pa nsonga za akakolo ndi mafunde a brachial pulse.PTT, nthawi yothamanga.(J) Kuyerekeza kwa AIx ndi brachial-ankle PWV (BAPWV) pakati pa athanzi ndi ma CAD.*P <0.01, **P <0.001, ndi ***P <0.05.HTN, matenda oopsa;CHD, matenda a mtima;DM, matenda a shuga mellitus.Chithunzi chojambula: Jin Yang, Chongqing University.
Kuwunika zimachitika zizindikiro za ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi la munthu, ife Ufumuyo zokongoletsa tatchulazi ndi TATSAs lolingana maudindo: khosi (mkuyu. 4C1), dzanja (mkuyu. 4D1), chala (mkuyu 4E1), ndi akakolo (mkuyu. ), monga tafotokozera m'mafilimu a S3 mpaka S6.Pazamankhwala, pali magawo atatu owoneka bwino pamafunde a pulse: nsonga ya mafunde akuyenda P1, nsonga ya mafunde a P2, ndi nsonga ya dicrotic wave P3.Makhalidwe a mfundozi amawonetsa thanzi la kutha kwa mtsempha, kukana kwa zotumphukira, komanso kutsekeka kwa ventricular kumanzere komwe kumakhudzana ndi dongosolo lamtima.Ma pulse waveforms a mayi wazaka 25 pamiyezo inayi pamwambapa adapezedwa ndikulembedwa mu mayeso athu.Zindikirani kuti mfundo zitatu zosiyanitsa (P1 mpaka P3) zinawonedwa pa mawonekedwe a pulse pakhosi, dzanja, ndi chala, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 4 (C2 mpaka E2).Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, P1 ndi P3 yekha anaonekera pa kugunda waveform pa bondo, ndipo P2 panalibe (mkuyu 4F2).Izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kukwera kwa funde lamagazi lomwe likubwera lomwe limatulutsidwa ndi ventricle yakumanzere komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kuchokera ku miyendo yakumunsi (44).Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu awonetsa kuti P2 imapezeka mu ma waveform omwe amayezedwa m'malekezero apamwamba koma osati m'bowo (45, 46).Tidawona zotsatira zofananira m'mawonekedwe a mafunde omwe amayezedwa ndi TATSA, monga zikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.S21, yomwe ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa odwala 80 omwe adaphunzira pano.Titha kuwona kuti P2 sinawonekere m'mawonekedwe amtunduwu omwe amayezedwa m'bondo, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwa TATSA kuzindikira zinthu zobisika mkati mwa mawonekedwe a waveform.Zotsatira za kuyeza kwa pulse zikuwonetsa kuti WMHMS yathu imatha kuwulula molondola mawonekedwe a pulse wave kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa thupi komanso kuti ndiyabwino kuposa ntchito zina (41, 47).Kuti tisonyezenso kuti TATSA yathu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri ku mibadwo yosiyana, tinayesa mafunde amtundu wa maphunziro a 80 pazaka zosiyanasiyana, ndipo tinawonetsa zambiri, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu.S22.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 4G, tinasankha atatu omwe ali ndi zaka 25, 45, ndi 65, ndipo mfundo zitatuzi zinali zoonekeratu kwa achinyamata ndi azaka zapakati.Malingana ndi zolemba zachipatala (48), makhalidwe a anthu ambiri amasintha pamene akukalamba, monga kutayika kwa mfundo ya P2, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha mafunde owonetseredwa omwe amapita patsogolo kuti adzipangitse okha pa mafunde omwe akupita patsogolo kupyolera mu kuchepa kwa mphamvu. elasticity ya mtima.Chodabwitsa ichi chikuwonekeranso m'mawonekedwe omwe tidasonkhanitsa, kutsimikiziranso kuti TATSA ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumagulu osiyanasiyana.
Pulse waveform imakhudzidwa osati ndi momwe thupi limakhalira komanso momwe amayesera.Choncho, ife anayeza zizindikiro zimachitika pansi osiyana kukhudzana tightness pakati pa TATSA ndi khungu (mkuyu. S23) ndi malo osiyanasiyana kuzindikira pa malo kuyeza (mkuyu. S24).Zitha kupezeka kuti TATSA imatha kupeza mawonekedwe osinthika amtundu wa pulse ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chozungulira chotengera pamalo akulu ozindikira bwino pamalo oyezera.Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma siginecha osiyana otuluka pansi pa kulimba kosiyanasiyana pakati pa TATSA ndi khungu.Kuphatikiza apo, kuyenda kwa anthu omwe amavala masensa kungakhudze ma pulse.Pamene dzanja la mutuwo liri mu chikhalidwe chokhazikika, matalikidwe a pulse waveform omwe amapezeka ndi okhazikika (mkuyu S25A);mosiyana, pamene dzanja likuyenda pang'onopang'ono pa ngodya kuchokera -70 ° mpaka 70 ° pa 30 s, matalikidwe a pulse waveform amasinthasintha (mkuyu S25B).Komabe, mawonekedwe a pulse waveform amawonekera, ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumatha kupezekabe molondola.Mwachiwonekere, kuti mukwaniritse kukhazikika kwa mafunde a pulse pakuyenda kwa anthu, ntchito yowonjezereka kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka sensa ndi kachitidwe kazizindikiro chakumbuyo ndikofunikira kuti ifufuzidwe.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti tiwunike ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa mtima wamtima kudzera mumayendedwe omwe tapeza pogwiritsa ntchito TATSA, tidayambitsa magawo awiri a hemodynamic molingana ndi kuwunika kwa mtima wamtima, womwe ndi index yowonjezereka (AIx) ndi kuthamanga kwa mafunde. (PWV), yomwe imayimira kusungunuka kwa mitsempha.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 4H, mawonekedwe a pulse pa dzanja la munthu wazaka 25 wathanzi adagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza AIx.Malinga ndi chilinganizo (gawo S1), AIx = 60% inapezedwa, yomwe ndi mtengo wamba.Kenako, nthawi imodzi tidasonkhanitsa ma pulse waveform pamanja ndi akakolo kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali (njira yatsatanetsatane yoyezera mawonekedwe a pulse waveform ikufotokozedwa mu Zida ndi Njira).Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 4I, mfundo za mawonekedwe a ma pulse waveforms anali osiyana.Kenako tinawerengera PWV molingana ndi formula (gawo S1).PWV = 1363 cm/s, lomwe ndi khalidwe loyembekezeredwa kwa mwamuna wamkulu wathanzi, linapezedwa.Kumbali inayi, titha kuwona kuti ma metrics a AIx kapena PWV samakhudzidwa ndi kusiyana kwa matalikidwe a mawonekedwe a pulse waveform, ndipo zikhalidwe za AIx m'magawo osiyanasiyana amthupi ndi osiyanasiyana.Mu phunziro lathu, ma radial AIx adagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuti titsimikizire kugwiritsa ntchito kwa WMHMS mwa anthu osiyanasiyana, tidasankha otenga nawo gawo 20 mu gulu lathanzi, 20 mgulu la hypertension (HTN), 20 mgulu la coronary heart disease (CHD) azaka kuyambira 50 mpaka 59, ndi 20 mu matenda a shuga mellitus (DM).Tidayezera mafunde awo ndikufanizira magawo awo awiri, AIx ndi PWV, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Fig. 4J.Zitha kupezeka kuti ma PWV a magulu a HTN, CHD, ndi DM anali otsika poyerekeza ndi gulu lathanzi ndipo ali ndi kusiyana kwa ziwerengero (PHTN ≪ 0.001, PCHD ≪ 0.001, ndi PDM ≪ 0.001; ma P adawerengedwa ndi t mayeso).Panthawiyi, ma AIx a magulu a HTN ndi CHD anali otsika poyerekeza ndi gulu lathanzi ndipo ali ndi kusiyana kwa chiwerengero (PHTN <0.01, PCHD <0.001, ndi PDM <0.05).PWV ndi AIx mwa omwe anali ndi CHD, HTN, kapena DM anali apamwamba kuposa omwe ali mgulu lathanzi.Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti TATSA imatha kupeza molondola mawonekedwe a pulse waveform kuti iwerengere gawo lamtima kuti liwunike thanzi la mtima.Pomaliza, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake opanda zingwe, apamwamba, okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chitonthozo, WMHMS yochokera ku TATSA imapereka njira yowonjezereka yowunikira nthawi yeniyeni kusiyana ndi zipangizo zamakono zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala.
Kupatula pa pulse wave, chidziwitso cha kupuma ndichizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chothandizira kuyesa momwe thupi la munthu lilili.Kuwunika kwa kupuma motengera TATSA yathu ndikokongola kwambiri kuposa polysomnograph wamba chifukwa imatha kuphatikizidwa muzovala kuti chitonthozedwe bwino.Atasokedwa mu lamba woyera zotanuka pachifuwa, TATSA anali womangidwa mwachindunji kwa thupi la munthu ndi wotetezedwa kuzungulira pachifuwa kuyang'anira kupuma (mkuyu. 5A ndi kanema S7).TATSA inapunduka ndi kukula ndi kutsika kwa nthiti, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi atuluke.Mawonekedwe omwe adapezedwa amatsimikiziridwa mumkuyu 5B.Chizindikiro chokhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu (makulidwe a 1.8 V) ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono (mafupipafupi a 0.5 Hz) kumagwirizana ndi kupuma.Chizindikiro chaching'ono chosinthasintha chinayikidwa pamwamba pa chizindikiro chachikulu ichi, chomwe chinali chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa mtima.Malingana ndi mawonekedwe afupipafupi a zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda kwa mtima, tinagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya 0.8-Hz yotsika-pass ndi 0.8- mpaka 20-Hz band-pass fyuluta kuti tilekanitse zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda kwa mtima, motsatira, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 5C. .Pachifukwa ichi, zizindikiro zokhazikika za kupuma ndi kugunda zokhala ndi chidziwitso chochuluka cha thupi (monga kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi zizindikiro za pulse wave) zinapezedwa panthawi imodzi komanso molondola mwa kungoyika TATSA imodzi pachifuwa.
(A) Chithunzi chosonyeza kuwonetseredwa kwa TATSA yoyikidwa pachifuwa kuti ayeze chizindikiro mu mphamvu yokhudzana ndi kupuma.(B) Chiwembu chanthawi yamagetsi cha TATSA chokwera pachifuwa.(C) Kuwonongeka kwa chizindikiro (B) mu kugunda kwa mtima ndi mawonekedwe a kupuma.(D) Chithunzi chosonyeza ma TATSA awiri atayikidwa pamimba ndi dzanja kuti ayeze kupuma ndi kugunda, motsatana, akagona.(E) Zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda kwa otenga nawo mbali wathanzi.HR, kugunda kwa mtima;BPM, kugunda pamphindi.(F) Zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda kwa otenga nawo mbali SAS.(G) Chizindikiro cha kupuma ndi PTT ya wochita nawo wathanzi.(H) Chizindikiro cha kupuma ndi PTT ya wochita nawo SAS.(I) Ubale pakati pa PTT arousal index ndi apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).Photo credit: Wenjing Fan, Chongqing University.
Kuti titsimikizire kuti sensa yathu imatha kuwunika molondola komanso modalirika kugunda ndi kupuma, tidayesa kuyerekeza zotsatira za kugunda ndi kupuma pakati pa ma TATSA athu ndi chida chodziwika bwino chachipatala (MHM-6000B), monga tafotokozera m'mafilimu a S8. ndi s9.Mu kuyeza kwa pulse wave, sensor ya photoelectric ya chida chachipatala idavala chala chakumanzere cha msungwana, ndipo panthawiyi, TATSA yathu idavala chala chake chakumanja.Kuchokera pamawonekedwe awiriwa omwe adapezedwa, titha kuwona kuti mawonekedwe awo ndi tsatanetsatane wake anali ofanana, kuwonetsa kuti kugunda komwe kumayesedwa ndi TATSA ndikofanana ndi chida chachipatala.Mu kuyeza kwa mafunde a kupuma, ma elekitirodi asanu a electrocardiographic adalumikizidwa kumadera asanu pathupi la mnyamata malinga ndi malangizo azachipatala.Mosiyana ndi izi, TATSA imodzi yokha inali yomangidwa mwachindunji ku thupi ndikutetezedwa pachifuwa.Kuchokera pamasinthidwe opumira omwe adasonkhanitsidwa, zitha kuwoneka kuti kusiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro chopumira chomwe tazindikira ndi TATSA chinali chogwirizana ndi chida chachipatala.Zoyeserera ziwirizi zofananirazi zidatsimikizira kulondola, kudalirika, komanso kuphweka kwa kachipangizo kathu ka masensa poyang'anira kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma.
Kuphatikiza apo, tidapanga chovala chanzeru ndikusoka ma TATSA awiri pamimba ndi pamkono kuti awone momwe kupuma ndi kugunda kumayendera, motsatana.Mwachindunji, WMHMS yopangidwa ndi njira ziwiri idagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula ma pulse ndi kupuma nthawi imodzi.Kupyolera mu dongosololi, tinapeza zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kupuma kwa mwamuna wazaka 25 atavala zovala zathu zanzeru pamene akugona (Fig. 5D ndi filimu S10) ndikukhala (mkuyu S26 ndi kanema S11).Zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda zimatha kutumizidwa popanda zingwe ku APP ya foni yam'manja.Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, TATSA imatha kujambula zizindikiro za kupuma ndi kugunda.Zizindikiro ziwiri zakuthupi izi ndizomwe zimawerengera SAS zamankhwala.Chifukwa chake, TATSA yathu itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyang'anira ndikuwunika kugona komanso zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi kugona.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 5 (E ndi F, motsatira), tinkayesa mosalekeza kugunda ndi kupuma kwa anthu awiri, wathanzi komanso wodwala SAS.Kwa munthu wopanda kubanika, kuyeza kupuma ndi kugunda kwa mtima kumakhalabe kokhazikika pa 15 ndi 70, motsatana.Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi SAS, apnea yodziwika bwino ya 24 s, yomwe ndi chisonyezero cha kupuma kwapang'onopang'ono, idawonedwa, ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka pang'ono pakatha nthawi ya kupuma chifukwa cha kuwongolera dongosolo lamanjenje (49).Mwachidule, kupuma kumatha kuyesedwa ndi TATSA yathu.
Kuti tipitirize kuunika mtundu wa SAS kupyolera mu zizindikiro za pulse ndi kupuma, tinasanthula nthawi ya pulse transit (PTT), chizindikiro chosasunthika chomwe chimasonyeza kusintha kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ndi kuthamanga kwa intrathoracic (tanthauzo la gawo S1) la munthu wathanzi komanso wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma. SAS.Kwa wophunzira wathanzi, kupuma kwa mpweya sikunasinthe, ndipo PTT inali yokhazikika kuchokera ku 180 mpaka 310 ms (Mkuyu 5G).Komabe, kwa wochita nawo SAS, PTT inakula mosalekeza kuchokera ku 120 mpaka 310 ms panthawi ya apnea (Mkuyu 5H).Chifukwa chake, wophunzirayo adapezeka ndi obstructive SAS (OSAS).Ngati kusintha kwa PTT kunachepa panthawi ya apnea, ndiye kuti vutoli likhoza kutsimikiziridwa ngati matenda apakati pa kugona apnea (CSAS), ndipo ngati zizindikiro ziwiri zonsezi zinalipo panthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti zikhoza kudziwika ngati SAS (MSAS) yosakanikirana.Kuti tiwone kuopsa kwa SAS, tidasanthulanso zizindikiro zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa.PTT arousal index, yomwe ndi chiwerengero cha PTT arousal pa ola (PTT kudzutsidwa kumatanthauzidwa ngati kugwa kwa PTT kwa ≥15 ms kwa ≥3 s), imakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuwunika mlingo wa SAS.The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ndi muyezo wodziwira kuchuluka kwa SAS (kupuma kupuma ndiko kutha kwa kupuma, ndipo hypopnea ndi kupuma mozama kwambiri kapena kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kupuma), komwe kumatanthauzidwa ngati kuchuluka kwa kupuma ndi hypopnea ola mukugona (ubale pakati pa AHI ndi zoyezera za OSAS zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo S2).Kuti mufufuze za ubale pakati pa AHI ndi PTT arousal index, zizindikiro zopuma za odwala 20 omwe ali ndi SAS anasankhidwa ndikuwunikidwa ndi TATSA.Monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu 5I, ndondomeko ya PTT yodzutsa bwino imagwirizana bwino ndi AHI, monga kupuma kwa mpweya ndi hypopnea pa nthawi ya tulo kumayambitsa kukwera kowonekera komanso kwachidule kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa PTT.Chifukwa chake, TATSA yathu imatha kupeza zokhazikika komanso zolondola za kugunda ndi kupuma munthawi imodzi, motero imapereka chidziwitso chofunikira chathupi pamtima ndi SAS pakuwunika ndikuwunika matenda okhudzana nawo.
Mwachidule, tinapanga TATSA pogwiritsa ntchito stitch yonse ya cardigan kuti tizindikire zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za thupi nthawi imodzi.Sensayi inali ndi mphamvu zambiri za 7.84 mV Pa-1, nthawi yoyankha mofulumira ya 20 ms, kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa maulendo a 100,000, ndi bandwidth yogwira ntchito.Pamaziko a TATSA, WMHMS idapangidwanso kuti itumize magawo a thupi ku foni yam'manja.TATSA imatha kuphatikizidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana azovala kuti apangidwe zokongola ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira nthawi yomweyo kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma munthawi yeniyeni.Dongosololi litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lithandizire kusiyanitsa pakati pa anthu athanzi ndi omwe ali ndi CAD kapena SAS chifukwa chotha kujambula zambiri.Kafukufukuyu adapereka njira yabwino, yothandiza, komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito poyeza kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma kwa munthu, zomwe zikuyimira kupita patsogolo kwa chitukuko cha zida zamagetsi zovala zovala.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chinadutsa mobwerezabwereza mu nkhungu ndikutambasulidwa kuti apange fiber ndi m'mimba mwake 10 μm.Chingwe chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pomwe ma elekitirodi adayikidwa mu zidutswa zingapo za ulusi wa Terylene wamtundu umodzi.
Jenereta yogwira ntchito (Stanford DS345) ndi amplifier (LabworkPa-13) adagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chizindikiro cha sinusoidal pressure.Sensa ya mphamvu yapawiri (Vernier Software & Technology LLC) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuthamanga kwakunja komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku TATSA.Keithley system electrometer (Keithley 6514) idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira ndikujambulitsa ma voliyumu omwe atuluka komanso apano a TATSA.
Malinga ndi AATCC Test Method 135-2017, tidagwiritsa ntchito TATSA ndi ballast yokwanira ngati katundu wa 1.8-kg ndikuyika mu makina ochapira (Labtex LBT-M6T) kuti tichite makina ochapira.Kenaka, tinadzaza makina otsuka ndi 18 malita a madzi pa 25 ° C ndikuyika makina ochapira osankhidwa otsuka ndi nthawi (kuthamanga kwachisokonezo, kukwapula kwa 119 pamphindi; nthawi yotsuka, 6 min; liwiro lomaliza, 430 rpm; chomaliza; nthawi yozungulira, 3 min).Pomaliza, TATSA idapachikidwa mumpweya wokhazikika kutentha kosapitilira 26 ° C.
Anthuwo adalangizidwa kuti agone pabedi pabedi.TATSA idayikidwa pamalo oyezera.Ophunzirawo atakhala pampando wokhazikika, amakhala omasuka kwathunthu kwa 5 mpaka 10 min.Chizindikiro cha pulse kenako chinayamba kuyeza.
Zowonjezera za nkhaniyi zikupezeka pa https://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/6/11/eaay2840/DC1
Chithunzi cha S9.Zotsatira zofananira za kugawa kwamphamvu kwa TATSA pansi pa zovuta zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa 0.2 kPa pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya COMSOL.
Chithunzi cha S10.Zotsatira zofananira za kugawa kwamphamvu kwa gawo lolumikizana pansi pa zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 0.2 ndi 2 kPa, motsatana.
Chithunzi cha S11.Malizitsani mafanizo okhudza kusamutsa ndalama kwa gulu lolumikizana ndi nthawi yochepa.
Chithunzi cha S13.Magetsi opitilira muyeso komanso apano a TATSA poyankha kukakamiza kwakunja komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza poyezera.
Chithunzi cha S14.Kuyankha kwamagetsi pamagawo osiyanasiyana a loop unit munsalu yomweyi mukamasunga nambala ya loop molunjika komwe sikunasinthe.
Chithunzi cha S15.Kuyerekeza pakati pa machitidwe otulutsa a masensa awiri a nsalu pogwiritsa ntchito stitch yonse ya cardigan ndi plain stitch.
Chithunzi cha S16.Mapulani omwe akuwonetsa kuyankha pafupipafupi pamphamvu yamphamvu ya 1 kPa ndi ma frequency a input frequency a 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, ndi 20 Hz.
Chithunzi cha S25.Kutulutsa kwamagetsi kwa sensa pomwe mutuwo unali mumayendedwe osasunthika komanso oyenda.
Chithunzi cha S26.Chithunzi chosonyeza ma TATSA omwe amaikidwa pamimba ndi pamanja nthawi imodzi kuyeza kupuma ndi kugunda, motsatana.
Imeneyi ndi nkhani yotseguka yoperekedwa pansi pa chilolezo cha Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial, yomwe imalola kugwiritsa ntchito, kugawa, ndi kubereka m'njira iliyonse, bola ngati zotsatira zake sizopindulitsa pa malonda ndipo ngati ntchito yoyambayo ili yoyenera. otchulidwa.
ZINDIKIRANI: Timangopempha adilesi yanu ya imelo kuti munthu amene mukumupangira tsambalo adziwe kuti mumafuna kuti aliwone, komanso kuti si imelo yopanda pake.Sitijambula imelo iliyonse.
By Wenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Kachipangizo ka triboelectric all-textile sensor yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwamphamvu komanso kutonthoza idapangidwa kuti iwunikenso thanzi.
By Wenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Kachipangizo ka triboelectric all-textile sensor yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwamphamvu komanso kutonthoza idapangidwa kuti iwunikenso thanzi.
© 2020 American Association for the Advancement of Science.Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa.AAAS ndi mnzake wa HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef ndi COUNTER.Science Advances ISSN 2375-2548.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-27-2020