Itangiriro ryibanga ryibanga rya sitidiyo ya sitidiyo, aho abakora ibumba ryibumba-shuri rya kera hamwe nubupfumu bushya bwishuri rya digitale bahuriza hamwe kugirango bakore imodoka yigihe kizaza.
Nkuko bigaragazwa nabafungwa bari munsi ya pajama ya Zoom, kwigarurira digitale yisi yumubiri birarangiye.Kuva kuri CGI Marvels n'abahanzi ba NFT kugeza kumashanyarazi no gutwara imodoka, uburyo bwa kera, intoki - hamwe naba basezerewe mubarahira - baricirwa aho, akenshi ni korari y "" neza, abana bavuka. "
Ni nako bimeze mubijyanye no gukora imodoka, nkuko umukozi wese wimodoka yirukanwe na robo azabigaragaza.Muri Itangiriro Igishushanyo cya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Umuhanda & Track nicyo gitabo cya mbere cyabonye uburyo bwo kugera muri iki cyumba cyibanga cyimbere cya Irvine, California.Umuyobozi mukuru w'iki kigo, Hans Lapine, yavuze ko umwe mu itangazamakuru yagiye mu gikari cya sitidiyo ya sitidiyo mbere yo gufatwa.Lapine akomoka muri Detroit, yahoze akora prototype ya Porsche (abana be barimo 956 na 959), akaba amaze imyaka 20 ari umuyobozi mukuru wa Audi na Volkswagen muri Amerika.Azabikora wenyine muri 2021, niyo mpamvu turi hano: reba ibumba ryuzuye ryerekana ibumba ryakozwe nabakora umwuga.Binyuze mu byerekezo bya General Motors umuhanzi-injeniyeri Harley J. Earl, imodoka yibitekerezo, impinduka zumwaka, ibaba ryinyuma, Corvette, numwuga wo "gushushanya imodoka", ubu ni ubufasha bwadufashije kubyara imodoka.Ubuhanzi.Moderi yibumba yamye ari ishingiro ryimodoka nyinshi kwisi.Kimwe n'ibitangaza byinshi byinganda, iyi myitozo imaze ibinyejana byinshi ibangamiwe no kuzamuka kwibikoresho bya digitale: software hamwe na disikuru nini, gusya mudasobwa, no gucapa 3D.Nyamara, icyitegererezo cyibumba kiracyahari.
Twinjiye murukurikirane rurerure, rukikijwe n'umweru, sitidiyo na sitidiyo byaka neza.Nisoko yo gutsindira ibishushanyo bidasanzwe, harimo Itangiriro G70 na G80 sedan, na GV70 na GV80 SUV.Kuba baratsindiye ibihembo kandi by'ingenzi byo kwakira abashyitsi byibutsa abantu ibihe byatsinzwe na Audi, igihe ikirango cy'Ubudage cyakoreshaga formulaire-zigezweho, zishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera, ndetse no mu bihe bidasanzwe - kugurisha inshuro eshatu kugurisha Amerika no kwihesha agaciro.Ba umunywanyi nyawe wa Mercedes-Benz na BMW.
Abashushanyije Itangiriro barimo Tony Chen na Chris Ha, kandi reume zabo zose zirimo uburambe bwakazi muri Audi, Volkswagen na Lucid.Ku nkunga y’isi y’uwahoze ari umushinga wa Bentley, SangYup Lee, ni abayobozi bashinzwe guhanga GV80 hanze n’imbere.Abanyeshuri barangije aya mashuri makuru yubuhanzi bemeje ko ibishushanyo byubusa bikuzuza ameza yabashushanyije hamwe n imyanda yimyanda, niyo ntangiriro ya buri mwanya wa aha.Ariko hagati yimpapuro n-ibumba ryuzuye, ibyo biremwa ubu bigenda bihindagurika rwose muburyo bwimibare.Chen na Ha batangije software zabo za Autodesk.Ingano yuzuye ya GV80 irabagirana kuva yerekanwa kurukuta kandi ihuye nuburaro bwumugome ukomeye ufite uburebure bwa metero 24 na metero 7 z'uburebure.Guhindura bizahaza ikinyamakuru icyo aricyo cyose cyangwa kwamamaza kuri TV.Hamwe na swake nkeya yimbeba, Chen yahinduye urumuri rwinyuma hanyuma ashushanya kandi ahindura igishushanyo mbonera cya parabolike.Ibikorwa birashobora gufata amezi menshi kugirango birangire.
Lapine yavuze ko mu bihe byashize, abashushanyaga bakoreshaga ibumba kugira ngo bahindure milimetero y'ubwihindurize.Moderi yuzuye irashobora gusaba amadolari 20.000 $ mubikoresho, bitumvikana neza kugeza habaye ibyifuzo 20 byimodoka.Ikoranabuhanga rya digitale rifasha abashushanya gufatanya no guhangana kurwego rwisi yose batiriwe bohereza ibumba ryinshi mubice byose byisi, kandi badafite abayobozi nabashushanya gukora urugendo rwihariye rwo kubireba.
Chen yagize ati: "Turashobora rwose kohereza muri Koreya y'Epfo."Mugihe cya COVID, ibikoresho bishingiye kuri ecran ni imana.Ikipe ya Lean Design yo mu Itangiriro ntikiri no guhangana na moderi nini.Lapine yavuze ko bata igihe n'umutungo."Urabaturika, ibipimo byose ni bibi."
Ibikurikira, Justin Horton, umuyobozi wa visualisation mu Itangiriro, yashyize mumutwe wukuri.Indi animasiyo, GV80, yuzuyemo iyerekwa ryanjye, ubu hamwe nikirere kimeze neza hamwe ninyuma y'amazi.Ibi ntabwo bidafite Xbox: Itangiriro risa nukuri bihagije kugirango rikoreho, kandi ba injeniyeri basanzwe bitabira neza hamwe na sensor yintoki.Ahari vuba, tuzakoraho kandi duhumure uruhu "nyarwo" mugihe tugura kwisi.
Noneho ko tumaze kubona ibihangange bihanganye na simulation, igihe kirageze cyo guhura na David bake: Mike Farnham, umuyobozi mukuru wintangiriro, na Preston Moore, umunyamideli mukuru akaba numwarimu muri Art Centre Academy.Imbere yacu ni moderi yatandukanijwe ya GV80, kimwe cya kabiri cyerekana uburyo butangaje burimbere.Mu gice kitarangiye, ibumba rya ocher ryinangiye nkubukonje bwamavuta, bujanjagurwa namaboko yabantu hamwe nintoki zidasanzwe.Kubireba abantu, ibyukuri nibidashoboka biratangaje: nk "imodoka" ishobora kwegera ubwiza bwibanze bwibishusho bya Brâncuși.Amaboko yanjye yakururwaga n'ibumba, kandi umurongo wacyo wuzuye umukungugu washoboraga kugera ku buryo budasubirwaho, kimwe n'ibikoresho byo mu iduka rikuru.
Igorofa ishyigikira amafaranga yubatswe, ibyuma n'ibiti bikozwe mu buryo bwa Styrofoam, byasya mu buryo bukora kandi bigashyirwa hamwe n’ibumba ryinshi ryibumba.Ntabwo byumvikana gushushanya moderi rwose mubumba, cyane ko ipima toni nyinshi.Igitekerezo cyibanze nticyahindutse cyane kuva mu 1909. Muri icyo gihe, Harley Earl w’imyaka 16 (umuhungu w’uruganda rukora amamodoka) yatangiye kubaka moderi yimodoka ya futuristic ku biti byimbaho, akoresheje icyitegererezo kiva mumisozi yo mumajyaruguru ya Los Angeles.Ibumba ku buriri bw'umugezi.
Ibikoresho byo kwerekana ibintu bisanzwe bikozwe murugo kandi byihariye (kurambura no guha ikoti rye abahungu be) bishyirwa kumasanduku yizengurutsa hafi, bisa nkibikoresho byo kubaga hagati yo hagati: rake, ibikoresho byinsinga, gutegura "ingurube" ", umugozi urukiramende.
Farnham ati: "Ibi bikoresho bihinduka umuguzi wawe."Yahisemo fibre fibre fibre, imirongo ya fibre yagoramye kugirango "ikomere" ingofero ya GV80, irayihanagura n'amaboko yombi, kandi iranyeganyega mu bwisanzure, ibyo bikaba byaramwibukije uburambe afite mu gukora ibipapuro byo hejuru.
Ati: "Ukuboko kwawe mubyukuri kurema ishusho ushaka gukora muburyo butatu"."Ntushobora kubikora muri VR. Rimwe na rimwe ntushobora gufata urukundo mu buryo bwa digitale."
Yavuze ko fibre ya karubone ari igikoresho gikomeye cyo kwerekana.Nibyoroshye, birakomeye, bikomeza umurongo, kandi bigasiga imiterere yoroheje yibishushanyo abashushanya bakunda.
Ibumba rifite ihindagurika ritagira imipaka, rishobora gukosorwa wongeyeho cyangwa ugabanya ibikoresho.Ikirundo cya pallets kirimo agasanduku kayo, gipakiye muri silindiri ingana na tennis.Itangiriro rishyigikira Marsclay Medium kuva mubudage Staedtler, itanga Ninde Ninde kubakora amamodoka none batangiye amashanyarazi.Icyitegererezo gisaba pallets zigera kuri enye zifite agaciro..Ntamuntu numwe uzi neza ibirimo.Farnham yigeze kugerageza gukora umurimo we wo gufungura amabanga yacyo.Isosiyete yibumba irinda yitonze formulaire nyirizina.
Nuburyo bwinganda bwibumba rya plastiki, ariko ntabwo burimo ibumba ryamabuye.William Harbart, umuyobozi w'ikigo cy’ubuhanzi cy’Ubwiherero mu Bwongereza, yahimbye plastike mu 1897, ashakisha uburyo bworoshye butari gukama mu kirere ku banyeshuri.Uhagarariye Staedtler yavuze ko ahanini bikozwe mu bishashara bishingiye kuri peteroli, pigment n'ibiyuzuza.Amazi ya sulferi atanga imiterere yihariye yo kwerekana ibumba, harimo guhagarara neza hamwe no gufatira hamwe, kimwe numunuko udasanzwe.Staedtler akomeje gusana urumuri rwa Marsclay, rukoresha microsperes zidafite ikirahure aho gukoresha sulfure, ariko akemera ko imikorere yayo idashobora guhuza imikorere y’inganda zisanzwe.
Hariho ikintu udashobora gukora muri VR: kwigana izuba rya Californiya neza.Buri ruganda rukora imodoka rugenzura icyitegererezo hanze yizuba ridahwema.
Ubwo GV80 yinjiraga mu gikari cy'urukuta rw'Itangiriro ry'ibyatsi, Farnham yakuyemo ikindi gikoresho kidasanzwe: icyuma cya cheak ihendutse hamwe n'igitoki.Mu biganza bya Farnham bihamye, bihinduka igikoresho cyiza cyo gushyira umurongo uca kumurongo wintangiriro.
Itangiriro ibumba ryakoreshejwe cyane mugusuzuma amakuru ya digitale.Lapine yavuze ko "ijoro ryose rya karnivali" yo guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera byarangiye.Guhura nijoro rishya: imashini eshanu-CNC imashini yitwa Poseidon, ihumekewe n’ishami ry’ikirere n’inyanja, nini kuruta amazu menshi yo muri Manhattan.Mu kazu k’ibirahure, ibikoresho bibiri bya spindle bikora bihamye bayobowe na gantry yo hejuru, icyuma cyibumba cya confetti kirabagirana nka robot Rodin.Iyo SUV ya hatchback yavuye muburyo bwayo, twarebye hypnotic yerekanwa.Kimwe nicyitegererezo cyatinze, Poseidon yasimbuye imashini yambere.Agashya karashobora gusya icyitegererezo mumasaha agera kuri 80 ukagikora mugihe umukozi asinziriye.Abanyamideli b'abantu barashobora kwibanda ku buso burambuye, uhereye ku guhanagura neza kwa fender kugeza ku nkombe ya hood.Farnham yavuze ko bizatwara igihe kinini cyo kwerekana grille igoye ya GV80 guhera, ikuraho zimwe mu nama zisigaye uhereye ku gufungura.Mucapyi ya 3D yaciriyemo ibizunguruka, ibyuma byerekana ibikoresho, indorerwamo yo kureba inyuma, nibindi bice kugirango bigaragare vuba.
Farnham yemera imbaraga zibi bikoresho bishobora gutegurwa.Ariko yavuze ko hari ibintu byatakaye.Yabuze ubufatanye bwa hafi hagati yabashushanyaga nabanyamideli - uburyo bwa gakondo bwurukundo rwabahanzi bimodoka bahindura ikibuno hano hamwe nu rukenyerero.Farnham ati: "Uragerageza gusobanura ibitekerezo byabo byibice bibiri muri 3D, kandi aha niho hajyaho ikizere na rapport."Ibi birimo ibitekerezo bya moderi yatekerejweho neza nuburyo bwiza.Ese Farnham yumva ishobora gukubitwa?mubyukuri.
"Nakoranye na super ya GV80 igihe kirekire, kandi abashushanya ku mpande zombi barabiganiraho batekereza bati:" Ibi birashyushye cyane. Nzakoresha amafaranga yanjye kuri iki gishushanyo. ""
Lapine yabaye umunyamideli mumyaka mirongo, none ashinzwe kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze muri rusange kandi asobanukiwe neza uruhare rufasha rwo kwerekana imideli.Yavuze byumye ko ibumba ryahoze ari idini.Ntibikiriho, ariko uruhare rwayo ruracyashimishije kandi ni ngombwa.
Ati: "Kugeza uyu munsi, iyi ni intambwe yanyuma mu gikorwa cyo gushushanya, aho ushobora gusuzuma no kwemererwa: iyi mbwa izajya mu musaruro; abantu bose barabyemera".
Lapine ubwe ni igisekuru cya gatatu.Nyina Janet Lapin (uzwi ku izina rya Krebs) yari umwe mu "bakobwa bashushanyije" Piaget, kandi iri zina ry'ishema ryarakaje abashushanya abagore ndetse no muri icyo gihe.Abashishikaye bazatekereza kuri se wa Lapine: Anatole “Tony” Lapine, wapanze Porsche 924 na 928, kandi ayobowe na Bill Mitchell, yafatanije na Larry Shinoda gukora 1963 Corvette Stingray y'umwaka.
Aho Earl afite ishami rishya ryubuhanzi n’amabara, umurimo wa Farnham nugushiraho itsinda ryabashushanyije rigenda neza hagati ya sisitemu na analogi.Ibi birerekana ko Itangiriro rigifite agaciro kiyi Play-Doh ikuze, ntabwo ari umukino.
Farnham ati: "Nibyiza kuri njye kubona urubyiruko rwishimira ibi.""Ntibashaka kwicara imbere ya mudasobwa igihe cyose; bifuza gukorana n'amaboko yabo ... Icyerekezo cyanjye ni ugushaka itsinda rishobora gukora imirimo yose yo gushushanya, kwerekana imideli, gusikana, gusya imashini yimashini-kugirango bashobore kugira ibikoresho byose mubitabo. "
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haracyari ikibazo kimwe kidashobora kwirindwa: Ese ibikoresho bya digitale bizaba byiza kuburyo bisimbuza ibumba rwose?
Lapin ati: "Ibi birashobora kubaho.""Ntawe uzi aho uru rugendo ruzajya. Ariko ndatekereza ko dufite amahirwe yo kuba twarize mu isi isa, bityo twishimira imibare."
"Mu isesengura rya nyuma, ntabwo dushushanya imodoka ku isi isanzwe. Turimo gutegura imodoka nyazo aho abantu bashobora gukomeza gukoraho, gutwara no kwicara mu bintu bya 3D. Iyi ni isi yose itazashira."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-13-2021