Ibice bitanu bigize igikoresho cyingenzi bikozwe na elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike ishonga, ishobora kohereza udusanduku twubatswe hamwe ninkuta zoroshye.Ariko icapiro rya 3D nintambwe yambere gusa.
Igikoresho gikoreshwa muguhindura abahanzi ni PIXL, ibikoresho bya peteroli ya X-ray bishobora gusesengura ibyitegererezo kuri Mars.Inkomoko yiyi shusho no hejuru: NASA / JPL-Caltech
Ku ya 18 Gashyantare, ubwo rover "Kwihangana" yageraga kuri Mars, izaba itwaye ibyuma bigera ku icumi byacapwe 3D.Bitanu muri ibyo bice uzabisanga mubikoresho bikomeye mubutumwa bwa rover: Igikoresho cya X-ray Petrochemical Planetary Instrument cyangwa PIXL.PIXL, yashyizwe kumpera ya cantilever ya rover, izasesengura ingero zubutare nubutaka hejuru yumubumbe utukura kugirango bifashe gusuzuma ubuzima bwaho.
Ibice byacapwe bya 3D bya PIXL birimo igifuniko cyimbere nigifuniko cyinyuma, ikadiri yo gushiraho, X-ray kumeza hamwe ninkunga yameza.Urebye neza, basa nkibice byoroheje, bimwe mubice byamazu yubatswe n'inkuta, birashobora kuba bikozwe mubyuma.Ariko, biragaragara ko ibisabwa bikomeye byiki gikoresho (na rover muri rusange) bihuye numubare wintambwe yatunganijwe nyuma yinganda ziyongera (AM).
Iyo injeniyeri muri Laboratwari ya Jet ya NASA (JPL) yateguye PIXL, ntabwo bahisemo gukora ibice bikwiriye gucapwa 3D.Ahubwo, bubahiriza "bije" ikomeye mugihe bibanda cyane kumikorere no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishobora kurangiza iki gikorwa.Uburemere bwahawe PIXL ni ibiro 16 gusa;kurenza iyi ngengo yimari bizatera igikoresho cyangwa ubundi bushakashatsi "gusimbuka" kuva kuri rover.
Nubwo ibice bisa nkibyoroshye, uku kugabanya ibiro bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe cyo gushushanya.Ikibaho cya X-ray, ikadiri yo gushyigikira hamwe nogushiraho ikadiri byose bifata imiterere yisanduku yubusa kugirango wirinde uburemere cyangwa ibikoresho byongeweho, kandi urukuta rwigifuniko cy'igikonoshwa ni ruto kandi urucacagu ruzengurutse igikoresho.
Ibice bitanu byacapwe bya PIXL bisa nkibikoresho byoroheje hamwe nibice byamazu, ariko ingengo yimishinga itajenjetse isaba ibi bice kugira inkuta zoroshye cyane hamwe nudusanduku twinshi twubatswe, bikuraho uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora bwakoreshwaga mu kubikora.Inkomoko yishusho: Inyongeramusaruro
Mu rwego rwo gukora ibikoresho byoroheje kandi biramba byamazu, NASA yitabaje Carpenter Additive, itanga ifu yicyuma na serivise zo gucapa 3D.Kubera ko hari umwanya muto wo guhindura cyangwa guhindura igishushanyo cyibice byoroheje, Umubaji wongeyeho yahisemo gushonga amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike (EBM) nkuburyo bwiza bwo gukora.Ubu buryo bwo gucapa ibyuma bya 3D bushobora kubyara ibiti bisobekeranye, inkuta zoroheje nibindi bikoresho bisabwa nigishushanyo cya NASA.Ariko, icapiro rya 3D nintambwe yambere gusa mubikorwa byo gukora.
Gushonga amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike ni uburyo bwo gushonga ifu ikoresha urumuri rwa electron nkisoko yingufu zo guhitamo ifu yicyuma hamwe.Imashini yose irashyuha, inzira yo gucapa ikorwa kuri ubu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibice bivurwa cyane nubushyuhe iyo ibice byacapwe, kandi ifu ikikije igice cya kabiri.
Ugereranije nuburyo busa nicyuma cya lazeri (DMLS), EBM irashobora kubyara ubuso butarangiritse hamwe nibiranga umubyimba, ariko ibyiza byayo nabyo ni uko bigabanya ibikenerwa byubaka kandi bikirinda gukenera inzira zishingiye kuri laser.Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bushobora kuba ikibazo.Ibice bya PIXL biva mubikorwa bya EBM, binini cyane mubunini, bifite ubuso bubi, hamwe nudutsima twifu ya pome muri geometrie yuzuye.
Amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike (EBM) arashobora gutanga uburyo bugoye bwibice bya PIXL, ariko kugirango arangize, urukurikirane rwintambwe nyuma yo gutunganya rugomba gukorwa.Inkomoko yishusho: Inyongeramusaruro
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, kugirango ugere ku bunini bwanyuma, kurangiza hejuru nuburemere bwibigize PIXL, hagomba gukorwa urukurikirane rwintambwe nyuma yo gutunganya.Uburyo bwa mashini na chimique byombi bikoreshwa mugukuraho ifu isigaye no koroshya ubuso.Igenzura hagati ya buri ntambwe yerekana neza ireme ryibikorwa byose.Ibigize byanyuma ni garama 22 zisumba ingengo yimari yose, iracyari murwego rwemewe.
Kumakuru arambuye yukuntu ibi bice byakozwe (harimo nimpamvu zingana mugucapisha 3D, igishushanyo mbonera cyigihe gito kandi gihoraho, hamwe nibisobanuro byo gukuraho ifu), nyamuneka reba iyi nyigo hanyuma urebe igice giheruka cya Cool Ibice Byerekana Kugira ngo wumve impamvu, yo gucapa 3D, iyi ni inkuru idasanzwe.
Muri karuboni fibre ishimangirwa plastike (CFRP), uburyo bwo kuvanaho ibintu burajanjagura aho kogosha.Ibi bituma itandukanye nibindi bikorwa byo gutunganya.
Mugukoresha imashini idasanzwe yo gusya geometrie no kongeramo igifuniko gikomeye hejuru yubuso, Toolmex Corp. yakoze uruganda rwanyuma rukwiriye gukata cyane aluminium.Igikoresho cyitwa "Mako" kandi ni igice cyibikoresho byumwuga bya SharC.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-27-2021