Monaca, Pa. - Shell Chemical yizera ko yasanze ejo hazaza h'isoko rya polietilen risin ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Ohio hanze ya Pittsburgh.
Aho niho Shell yubaka uruganda runini rwa peteroli-chimique izakoresha Ethane ivuye muri gaze ya shale ikorerwa mu kibaya cya Marcellus na Utica kugirango ikore hafi miliyari 3,5 zama pound ya PE resin ku mwaka.Uru ruganda ruzaba rurimo ibice bine bitunganya, igikoma cya Ethane hamwe na PE eshatu.
Uyu mushinga uherereye kuri hegitari 386 muri Monaca, uzaba umushinga wa mbere w’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri Amerika wubatswe hanze y’ikigobe cya Texas na Louisiana mu myaka mirongo ishize.Biteganijwe ko umusaruro uzatangira mu ntangiriro ya 2020.
Michael Marr ayoboye ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi yagize ati: "Nakoze mu nganda imyaka myinshi kandi sinigeze mbona ibintu nk'ibyo."
Abakozi barenga 6.000 bari aho hantu mu ntangiriro z'Ukwakira.Marr yavuze ko benshi mu bakozi bakomoka mu gace ka Pittsburgh, ariko bamwe mu bakora umwuga w'ubuhanga nk'amashanyarazi, abasudira ndetse n'umuyoboro w'amazi bajyanywe muri Baltimore, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Buffalo, NY, n'ahandi.
Shell yahisemo ikibanza mu ntangiriro za 2012, itangira kubakwa mu mpera za 2017. Marr yavuze ko ikibanza cya Monaca kitatoranijwe gusa kugira ngo kibone aho kibika gaze ya shale, ariko kubera ko cyageraga ku mihanda minini n’imihanda minini ihuza ibihugu.
Bimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi bikenerwa muri urwo ruganda, harimo umunara wo gukonjesha metero 285, wazanywe ku ruzi rwa Ohio.Marr ati: "Ntushobora kuzana bimwe muri ibyo bice muri gari ya moshi cyangwa mu gikamyo."
Igikonoshwa cyakuyeho umusozi wose - miliyoni 7.2 za metero kibe yumwanda - kugirango habeho ubutaka buhagije bwikigo.Urubuga mbere rwakoreshwaga mu gutunganya zinc na Horsehead Corp., kandi ibikorwa remezo byari bisanzwe bihari kuri urwo ruganda "byaduhaye intangiriro ku kirenge", Marr yongeyeho.
Ethane Shell izahindura muri Ethylene hanyuma ihindurwe muri PE resin izazanwa mubikorwa bya Shell shale mu ntara ya Washington County, Pa., Na Cadiz, Ohio.Buri mwaka ubushobozi bwo gukora Ethylene kurubuga buzarenga miliyari 3 zama pound.
Marr ati: "70% by'abahindura polyethylene yo muri Amerika bari hamwe na kilometero 700 uvuye ku ruganda.""Aho ni ahantu henshi dushobora kugurisha mu miyoboro no gutwikira, firime ndetse n'ibindi bicuruzwa."
Benshi mu bakora uruganda rwa PE bo muri Amerika ya Ruguru bafunguye ibikoresho bishya ku nkombe z’ikigobe cya Amerika mu myaka myinshi ishize kugira ngo bakoreshe amatungo magufi ya shale.Abayobozi ba Shell bavuze ko umushinga wabo uherereye muri Appalachia uzaha amahirwe yo kohereza no kugemura igihe kiri muri Texas na Louisiana.
Abayobozi ba Shell bavuze ko 80 ku ijana by'ibice n'imirimo y'umushinga munini uturuka muri Amerika.
Uruganda rukora peteroli rwa Shell Chemical ruherereye kuri hegitari 386 muri Monaca, ruzaba umushinga wa mbere w’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri Amerika wubatswe hanze y’ikigobe cya Texas na Louisiana mu myaka mirongo ishize.
Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, Shell izakorana nogukwirakwiza resin Bamberger Polymers Corp., Itangiriro Polymers na Shaw Polymers LLC kugurisha isoko PE ikorerwa kurubuga.
James Ray, umusesenguzi w’isoko hamwe n’ikigo ngishwanama cya ICIS i Houston, yavuze ko Shell "iri mu mwanya wo kuba umusaruro wa PE winjiza amafaranga menshi ku isi yose, bikaba bishoboka ko amasezerano y’amatungo ahendutse cyane ndetse n’ibikorwa by’umusaruro ku muryango w’abakiriya babo. "
Yongeyeho ati: "Mu gihe [Shell] izabanza kohereza mu mahanga igice cyiza cy'umusaruro wabo, mu gihe kizakoreshwa cyane cyane n'abakiriya bo mu karere."
Shell "igomba kugira inyungu zitwara ibicuruzwa ku masoko yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba no mu majyaruguru, kandi bafite inyungu za Ethane", nk'uko byatangajwe na Robert Bauman, perezida wa Polymer Consulting International Inc i Ardley, NY Ariko yongeyeho ko Shell ishobora guhangana n'ibisigazwa. ibiciro nabandi batanga isoko bimaze kwisoko.
Umushinga wa Shell wibanze ku gace ka tri-leta ya Ohio, Pennsylvania na Virginie y’Uburengerazuba.Isoko risa n’ibiribwa bihuriweho na Dilles Bottom, muri Leta ya Ohio, birasesengurwa na PTT Global Chemical yo muri Tayilande na Daelim Industrial Co yo muri Koreya yepfo.
Mu nama ya GPS 2019 muri Kamena, abayobozi bagize itsinda ry’ubucuruzi rya Shale Crescent muri Amerika bavuze ko 85% by’ubwiyongere bwa gaze gasanzwe muri Amerika kuva mu 2008-18 byabereye mu kibaya cya Ohio.
Umuyobozi w'ubucuruzi Nathan Lord yagize ati: "Aka karere" gatanga gaze karemano kurusha Texas hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubutaka. "Yongeyeho ati: "Aka gace" gashingiye ku bworozi bw'amatungo no hagati y'abakiriya, kandi umubare munini w'abatuye Amerika uri mu rugendo rw'umunsi umwe. "
Lord yavuze kandi ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2018 na IHS Markit bwerekanye ko ikibaya cya Ohio gifite inyungu zingana na 23 ku ijana kuri PE na Coast Coast yo muri Amerika ku bikoresho byakozwe kandi byoherejwe mu karere kamwe.
Perezida w’ubumwe bw’akarere ka Pittsburgh, Mark Thomas, yavuze ko ingaruka z’ubukungu z’ishoramari rya Shell ryinjije miliyari nyinshi muri aka karere "ryagize uruhare rukomeye kandi ingaruka zaryo ni iziguye, zitaziguye kandi zatewe."
Yongeyeho ati: "Kubaka iki kigo birimo gushyira ibihumbi by’inzobere mu bucuruzi bw’umwuga gukora buri munsi, kandi uruganda nirumara kuba ku rubuga rwa interineti, hazaba hari imirimo igera kuri 600 ihembwa neza kugira ngo ishyigikire ibikorwa byayo"."Hejuru y'ayo ni amahirwe yagutse mu bukungu ajyanye na resitora nshya, amahoteri ndetse n'ubucuruzi bundi bushya bujyanye n'umushinga, ubu ndetse no mu gihe kizaza.
"Shell yabaye umufatanyabikorwa mwiza wo gukorana kandi itanga ingaruka nziza ku baturage. Ntitwakwirengagiza ko ishoramari ryayo mu baturage - cyane cyane ibijyanye no guteza imbere abakozi ku bufatanye n'amashuri makuru y'abaturage."
Shell yanze kwerekana ikiguzi cy'umushinga, nubwo ibigereranyo byatanzwe n'abajyanama biva kuri miliyari 6 kugeza kuri miliyari 10.Guverineri wa Pennsylvania, Tom Wolf, yatangaje ko umushinga wa Shell ariwo mwanya munini w'ishoramari muri Pennsylvania kuva Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose.
Nibura crane 50 zakoraga kurubuga mu ntangiriro z'Ukwakira.Marr yavuze ko igihe kimwe urubuga rwakoreshaga crane 150.Imwe ifite uburebure bwa metero 690, ikagira kane ya kabiri muremure kwisi.
Shell irimo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye kurubuga, ikoresheje drone na robo kugirango igenzure imiyoboro no gutanga ibyerekezo byindege yikigo kugirango igenzurwe.Igihangange ku isi Bechtel Corp. ni umufatanyabikorwa mukuru wa Shell kuri uyu mushinga.
Shell kandi yagize uruhare mu baturage baho, itanga miliyoni y'amadorali yo gushinga ikigo cya Shell gishinzwe ikoranabuhanga muri College College ya Beaver County.Icyo kigo ubu gitanga impamyabumenyi yimyaka ibiri yubuhanga.Uru ruganda kandi rwatanze inkunga ingana n’amadolari 250.000 yo kwemerera ishuri rikuru ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Pennsylvania i Williamsport, muri Pa., Kubona imashini ibumba.
Shell iteganya imirimo igera kuri 600 kurubuga iyo complexe irangiye.Usibye reaction, ibikoresho byubakwa aha hantu harimo umunara wo gukonjesha metero 900, gari ya moshi n'amakamyo, uruganda rutunganya amazi, inyubako y'ibiro na laboratoire.
Uru rubuga ruzaba rufite uruganda rwarwo rushobora kubyara megawatt 250 z'amashanyarazi.Amabati yo gutunganya umusaruro wa resin yashyizweho muri Mata.Marr yavuze ko intambwe ikomeye izakurikiraho kuri uru rubuga izaba yubaka amashanyarazi kandi igahuza ibice bitandukanye by'urubuga n'umuyoboro w'imiyoboro.
Nubwo irangiza imirimo y’umushinga uzamura amashanyarazi mu karere, Marr yavuze ko Shell izi impungenge zatewe n’umwanda wa plastike, cyane cyane izireba ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa rimwe gusa.Uru ruganda rwari umunyamuryango washinze Alliance to End Plastic Waste, itsinda ry’inganda rishora miliyari 1.5 z'amadolari yo kugabanya imyanda ya plastike ku isi.Muri rusange, Shell ikorana na Beaver County mu rwego rwo guteza imbere gahunda yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa mu karere.
Marr ati: "Turabizi ko imyanda ya pulasitike itari mu nyanja.""Birakenewe cyane gutunganya ibicuruzwa kandi dukeneye gushyiraho ubukungu buzenguruka."
Shell kandi ikora ibikoresho bitatu bikomeye bya peteroli muri Amerika, muri Deer Park, muri Texas;na Norco na Geismar muri Louisiana.Ariko Monaca irerekana kugaruka kuri plastiki: uruganda rwari rwavuye ku isoko rya plastiki y'ibicuruzwa mu myaka irenga icumi ishize.
Shell Chemical, ishami ry’isosiyete ikora ingufu ku isi Royal Dutch Shell, yashyize ahagaragara ikirango cyayo cya Shell Polymers muri Gicurasi 2018 mu imurikagurisha ry’ubucuruzi rya NPE2018 ryabereye i Orlando, muri Fla.
Ufite igitekerezo kuriyi nkuru?Ufite ibitekerezo bimwe wifuza gusangiza abasomyi bacu?Amakuru ya Plastike yifuza kukwumva.Ohereza ibaruwa yawe kuri Muhinduzi kuri [imeri irinzwe]
Amakuru ya plastike akubiyemo ubucuruzi bwinganda za plastiki kwisi.Dutanga amakuru, gukusanya amakuru no gutanga amakuru mugihe gitanga abasomyi bacu inyungu zo guhatanira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-30-2019