Bitewe no guhagarika imifuka ya pulasitike, inkiko zerekeje amaso ku ntego nini cyane: kujya mu gikombe cya kawa
Bitewe no guhagarika imifuka ya pulasitike, inkiko zerekeje amaso ku ntego nini cyane: kujya mu gikombe cya kawa
Repubulika y'Abaturage ya Berkeley, muri Calif., Yishimira ubuyobozi bwayo ku bintu byose by'abaturage n'ibidukikije.Umujyi muto wigenga uherereye mu burasirazuba bwa San Francisco ni umwe mu mijyi ya mbere yo muri Amerika yemeye gufata neza inkombe.Byabujije styrofoam kandi byari hakiri kare gufata imifuka yo guhaha ya plastike.Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, inama njyanama y'umujyi wa Berkeley yashyize ahagaragara icyorezo gishya cy’ibidukikije: Igikombe cya kawa.
Nk’uko inama njyanama y’umujyi ibivuga, ibikombe bigera kuri miliyoni 40 byajugunywa mu mujyi buri mwaka, hafi kimwe ku muturage ku munsi.Muri Mutarama rero, umujyi wavuze ko bizasaba amaduka ya kawa kwishyuza amafaranga 25 yiyongera kubakiriya bakoresha igikombe cyo gutwara.Icyo gihe, Sophie Hahn, umwe mu bagize njyanama y'umujyi wa Berkeley wanditse aya mategeko, yagize ati: "Gutegereza ntibikiri amahitamo."
Kurengerwa n’imyanda, inkiko hirya no hino ku isi zirabuza gukoresha ibikoresho bya pulasitike hamwe n’ibikombe.Uburayi buvuga ko ibikombe by’ibinyobwa bya pulasitike bigomba kugenda mu 2021. Ubuhinde burashaka ko busohoka mu 2022. Tayiwani yashyizeho igihe ntarengwa cyo mu 2030. Amafaranga y’inyongera nkaya Berkeley ashobora kuba menshi mu rwego rwo guhindura vuba imyitwarire y’abaguzi mbere yo kubuzwa burundu.
Ku munyururu nka Starbucks Corp., inyura mu bikombe bigera kuri miliyari 6 ku mwaka, ibi ntibisobanura ikibazo kiriho.Dunkin 'aherutse kwitwa izina kugira ngo yongere gushimangira inkomoko yayo, none yinjiza hafi 70 ku ijana byinjira mu binyobwa bya kawa.Ariko kandi nikibazo gikomeye kuri Corp.'s McDonald hamwe ninganda nini cyane yihuta-ibiribwa.
Abayobozi kuva kera bakeka ko uyu munsi uza.Bitandukanye kandi hamwe, bagiye bakora kuburyo bwangiza ibidukikije ubundi buryo bushyizweho na plastike, ikikijwe n'inkuta ebyiri, igikapu cyuzuye impapuro za plastike mumyaka irenga icumi.
Scott Murphy, umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibikorwa bya Dunkin 'Brands Group Inc, unyura mu gikombe cya kawa miliyari imwe ku mwaka, yagize ati: “Birambabaza ku bugingo bwanjye.Yatangiye gukora ku gikombe cy’uruhererekane kuva rwiyemeza guhagarika gukoresha ifuro mu mwaka wa 2010. Muri uyu mwaka, amaduka yarwo arangije kwimuka mu bikombe by’impapuro, kandi bakomeje guhuza ibikoresho n’ibishushanyo bishya.
Murphy agira ati: "Biragoye gato kuruta uko abantu baduha inguzanyo."Ati: “Icyo gikombe ni kimwe mu mikoranire ya hafi n'abaguzi bacu.Ni igice kinini cy'ikirango cyacu n'umurage wacu. ”
Ibikombe bikoreshwa ni ibintu byavumbuwe bigezweho.Hashize imyaka igera ku 100, abunganira ubuzima rusange bashishikajwe no kubuza ikindi gikombe - icyombo cyo kunywa rusange, amabati asanganywe cyangwa igikombe cy’ikirahure gisigaye hafi y’amasoko yo kunywa.Igihe Lawrence Luellen yatangaga igikombe cyo guta ibishashara, yavuze ko ari agashya mu isuku, ingamba zo gukumira indwara nk'umusonga n'igituntu.
Kujya mu muco wa kawa ntabwo byagaragaye nyuma yaho.McDonald's yatangije ifunguro rya mu gitondo mu gihugu hose mu mpera za za 70.Nyuma yimyaka irenga icumi, Starbucks yafunguye ububiko bwayo bwa 50.Hamwe na Dunkin ', ubu batatu bagurisha ikawa igera kuri miliyari 20 z'amadolari buri mwaka, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'ikigereranyo cyatanzwe n'isesengura rya BTIG LLC, Peter Saleh.
Hagati aho, amasosiyete nka Jeworujiya-Pasifika LLC na International Paper Co yazamutse hamwe n’isoko ry’ibikombe bikoreshwa, byinjije miliyari 12 z'amadolari muri 2016. Mu 2026, biteganijwe ko bizagera kuri miliyari 20 z'amadolari.
Buri mwaka Amerika igera ku miliyari 120 z'impapuro, ikawa ya pulasitike n'ifuro ya kawa, cyangwa hafi kimwe cya gatanu cy'isi yose.Hafi ya buri kimwe cya nyuma muri byo - 99,75 ku ijana - birangira ari imyanda, aho n'ibikombe by'impapuro bishobora gufata imyaka irenga 20 kubora.
Umuhengeri wo guhagarika imifuka ya pulasitike watumye imbaraga nshya zo gukumira imyanda.Ibikoresho n'ibiribwa nibibazo bikomeye cyane, rimwe na rimwe bikabyara inshuro 20 imyanda imifuka ya pulasitike ikora ahantu runaka.Ariko gusubira mumifuka yimyenda ikoreshwa biroroshye.Hamwe no kujya mu gikombe cya kawa, nta bundi buryo bworoshye.Berkeley arashishikariza abaturage kuzana igikoni cyurugendo-gusa ujugunye mu gikapu cyawe cyo guhaha cyongeye gukoreshwa! -Kandi Starbucks na Dunkin 'batanga kugabanyirizwa ababikora.
Amaduka ya kawa azi ko ibikombe bikoreshwa ari igisubizo cyiza, ariko kuri ubu, kuri francises birashobora kuba nk '"inzozi mbi", Murphy's Dunkin.Seriveri ntizigera izi niba igikombe cyanduye cyangwa niba kigomba kwoza, kandi biragoye kumenya umubare wuzuza ikawa ntoya cyangwa iciriritse mugikapu kinini.
Mu myaka icumi ishize, Starbucks yiyemeje gutanga ikawa igera kuri 25 ku ijana mu bikoni by’ingendo.Kuva yatangira intego zayo kumanuka.Isosiyete itanga kugabanyirizwa umuntu wese uzanye mug mugeri we, kandi abakiriya bagera kuri 5% gusa.Yongeyeho by'agateganyo amafaranga 5 y’inyongera ku bikombe bikoreshwa mu Bwongereza umwaka ushize, ivuga ko kongera ibikombe bikoreshwa bikoreshwa 150%.
Byatwaye imyaka icyenda kugirango Dunkin 'abone ubundi buryo bwo gusinyira igikombe cyayo.Kugerageza hakiri kare byasabye ibifuniko bishya, ubwabyo biragoye kubisubiramo.Porotipi ikozwe mu bice 100 ku ijana byongeye gukoreshwa byapakishijwe hasi.Igikombe gikozwe mumibabi y'ibihumyo cyasezeranije kubora byoroshye, ariko byari bihenze cyane kubipima ku bwinshi.
Urunigi amaherezo rwashize kumpande ebyiri zometseho plastike zometseho impapuro, zifite umubyimba uhagije kugirango urinde intoki zidafite amaboko yo hanze kandi zihuza nipfundikizo zisanzwe.Byakozwe mu mpapuro zikomoka ku moko na biodegrade byihuse kuruta ifuro, ariko ibyo ni byo - bihenze gukora kandi ntibishobora gukoreshwa ahantu henshi.
Ibikombe byimpapuro bizwi ko bigoye kubisubiramo.Abatunganya ibicuruzwa bahangayikishijwe n’imyenda ya pulasitike izajya ifata imashini zabo, ku buryo hafi ya zose zohereza mu myanda.Hariho imashini eshatu "batch pulper" muri Amerika ya Ruguru zishobora gutandukanya umurongo wa pulasitike n'impapuro.
Niba imijyi ishobora guteza imbere gutunganya ibicuruzwa byinshi, hafi kimwe mu bikombe 25 bya kawa bishobora gutunganywa mu myaka mike gusa, bivuye kuri 1 kuri 400, nkuko byatangajwe n’itsinda ry’Ubwongereza Paper Cup Recovery & Recycling Group.Icyo ni kinini “niba.”Ubusanzwe abaguzi bajugunya ibikombe byabo bya kawa bifatanye nipfundikizo za plastiki, hanyuma bigomba gutandukana mbere yuko bitunganyirizwa hamwe, bitandukanye 1 .Dunkin 'avuga ko ikorana namakomine kugirango barebe ko ibikombe bishobora gutunganywa mubyukuri bizaba.Murphy wa Dunkin agira ati: “Ni urugendo - sinkeka ko ruzigera rurangira.Isosiyete ya McDonald's iherutse gufatanya na Starbucks hamwe n’andi maresitora yihuta kugira ngo bashyigikire miliyoni 10 z’amadolari ya NextGen Cup Challenge - “ukwezi kurasa” kugira ngo biteze imbere, byihuta kandi bipime igikombe kirambye cyo kugenda.Muri Gashyantare, amarushanwa yatangaje abatsinze 12, harimo ibikombe bikozwe mu ifumbire mvaruganda kandi ishobora gukoreshwa;iterambere ryibihingwa bishingiye ku bimera bishobora kugumamo amazi;na gahunda bigamije gushishikariza gukoresha igikombe cyongeye gukoreshwa.
Bridget Croke, visi perezida w’ububanyi n’amahanga muri Closed Loop Partners, ikigo cy’ishoramari cyibanda cyane ku micungire y’ibibazo, yagize ati: "Turashaka ibisubizo by’igihe gito by’ubucuruzi kandi bifuza ibintu."
Igikombe gishobora gutesha agaciro byihuse cyaba igisubizo kimwe - Kubuzwa kwi Burayi bituma habaho udukombe tw’ifumbire mvaruganda isenyuka mu byumweru 12 - ariko nubwo igikombe nkiki cyaboneka byoroshye kandi bidahenze, Amerika ntabwo ihagije mu nganda ibikoresho byo gufumbira bikenewe kugirango bisenywe.Muri icyo gihe, berekeza ku myanda, aho batazabora na gato 2.
Mu nama ngarukamwaka yabereye muri 2018, Starbucks yagerageje bucece igikombe cya kawa gikozwe mu bice bitunganyirizwa mu bindi bikombe bya kawa, bizwi cyane ko ari ikawa yera.Cari igikorwa c'ubuhanzi nkibindi bintu byose: Kugirango dukore injeniyeri nkeya, urunigi rwa kawa rwakusanyije amakamyo yikamyo hanyuma rwohereza kubitunganya mumashanyarazi ya Sustana muri Wisconsin.Kuva aho, fibre yagiye mu ruganda rukora impapuro rwa WestRock Co muri Texas kugirango ihindurwe ibikombe, byacapishijwe ibirango n'ikindi kigo.Nubwo igikombe cyakurikiyeho cyari cyiza kubidukikije, inzira yakoreshejwe kugirango ikorwe rwose. 't.Croke Loop's Croke yagize ati: "Hano hari ikibazo gikomeye cyubwubatsi."Ati: "Byaragaragaye ko ibisubizo amasosiyete yagiye akora kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke mu by'ukuri ntabwo byihuta bihagije."
Guverinoma rero, kimwe na Berkeley, ntizitegereje.Umuyobozi wa gahunda mu itsinda ridaharanira inyungu Upstream, Miriam Gordon, yatangaje ko komini yakoze ubushakashatsi ku baturage mbere yuko itanga iki kirego isanga izemeza abantu barenga 70 ku ijana gutangira kuzana ibikombe byabo hamwe n’inyongera ya 25%. kwishyurwa bigamije kuba igeragezwa mumyitwarire yumuntu, aho kuba umusoro gakondo.Amaduka ya kawa ya Berkeley agumana amafaranga yinyongera ndetse ashobora no kugabanya ibiciro byayo kugirango ibyo umuguzi yishyura bikomeze.Bagomba gusa kumvikanisha ko hari inyongera.Gordon yagize ati: "Igomba kugaragara ku bakiriya."Ati: "Nibyo bitera abantu guhindura imyitwarire."
Ibi byose byarushijeho kuba bibi muri 2018 ubwo Ubushinwa bwemezaga ko bufite imyanda ihagije yo guhangayikishwa no guhagarika gutunganya "umwanda" - ibikoresho bivanze - imyanda iva mu bindi bihugu.
Ifumbire mvaruganda ikenera umwuka wubusa kugirango ucike.Kubera ko imyanda ifunze kugirango ikingire, ndetse nigikombe cyagenewe kumeneka vuba ntigishobora kuzenguruka ikirere gikeneye kubikora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-25-2019