Izvo zvikamu zvishanu zvechiridzwa kiyi zvinogadzirwa neelectron beam kunyunguduka, iyo inogona kufambisa mabhokisi maburi maburi uye matete madziro.Asi 3D kudhinda ingori nhanho yekutanga.
Chiridzwa chinoshandiswa mukudhirowa kwemuimbi iPIXL, X-ray petrochemical mudziyo unogona kuongorora matombo ematombo paMars.Kwakabva mufananidzo uyu uye pamusoro: NASA / JPL-Caltech
Musi waKukadzi 18, apo "Perseverance" rover yakamhara paMars, ichatakura zvikamu gumi zvesimbi zve3D zvakadhindwa.Zvishanu zvezvikamu izvi zvichawanikwa mumidziyo yakakosha kune rover mishoni: iyo X-ray Petrochemical Planetary Instrument kana PIXL.PIXL, yakaiswa pamagumo e cantilever ye rover, ichaongorora matombo uye ivhu samples pamusoro peRed Planet kuti ibatsire kuongorora hupenyu huripo.
PIXL's 3D yakadhindwa zvikamu zvinosanganisira chivharo chayo chemberi uye chivharo chekumashure, inokwirisa furemu, X-ray tafura uye tafura rutsigiro.Pakutanga kuona, vanoita sezvikamu zvakapfava, zvimwe zvitete-madziro edzimba uye mabhuraketi, anogona kunge akagadzirwa nesimbi yesimbi.Nekudaro, zvinozoitika kuti izvo zvakaomesesa zvinodikanwa zvechiridzwa ichi (uye rover zvakazara) zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemashure-ekugadzirisa matanho mukuwedzera kugadzira (AM).
Kana mainjiniya eNASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) vakagadzira PIXL, havana kugadzirira kugadzira zvikamu zvakakodzera kudhinda kwe3D.Pane kudaro, vanoomerera kune yakasimba "bhajeti" vachitarisa zvizere nezvekushanda uye kugadzira maturusi anogona kuita basa iri.Huremu hwakapihwa huremu hwePIXL hungori makirogiramu gumi nematanhatu;kudarika bhajeti iyi kuchaita kuti mudziyo kana zvimwe zviedzo "svetuka" kubva kurover.
Kunyangwe zvikamu zvinotaridzika zviri nyore, uku kurema kwehuremu kunofanirwa kutariswa kana uchigadzira.Iyo X-ray workbench, tsigiro furemu uye yekumisikidza furemu zvese zvinotora gomba bhokisi danda chimiro kudzivirira kutakura chero huremu hwekuwedzera kana zvinhu, uye madziro echifukidzo chegoko akatetepa uye chinyorwa chinovhara zvakanyanya chiridzwa.
PIXL's mashanu 3D akadhindwa zvikamu zvinotaridzika seakareruka bracket uye zvivakwa zvedzimba, asi yakasimba batch bhajeti inoda kuti zvikamu izvi zvive zvakatetepa madziro uye nehollow box danda zvimiro, izvo zvinobvisa yakajairwa kugadzira maitiro anoshandiswa kugadzira iwo.Mufananidzo kunobva: Carpenter Additives
Kuti igadzire zvinhu zvisingaremi uye zvinogara kwenguva refu, NASA yakatendeukira kuCarpenter Additive, mupi wehupfu hwesimbi uye 3D kudhinda masevhisi ekugadzira.Sezvo paine nzvimbo shoma yekushandura kana kugadzirisa magadzirirwo ezvikamu izvi zvisingaremi, Carpenter Additive akasarudza electron beam melting (EBM) senzira yakanakisa yekugadzira.Iyi simbi 3D yekudhinda maitiro inogona kuburitsa matanda ebhokisi asina mhango, madziro matete uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa neNASA dhizaini.Nekudaro, 3D kudhinda ingori nhanho yekutanga mukugadzira maitiro.
Electron danda kunyunguduka inzira yekunyunguduka yehupfu inoshandisa maerekitironi danda sechipo chesimba kusanganisa simbi hupfu pamwechete.Muchina wese unofanopiswa, maitiro ekudhinda anoitwa pane idzi tembiricha dzakakwirira, zvikamu zvacho zvinonyanya kupisa-kupiswa kana zvikamu zvadhindwa, uye hupfu hwakatenderedza hunenge hwakanyungudika.
Kuenzaniswa neyakafanana yakananga simbi laser sintering (DMLS) maitiro, EBM inogona kuburitsa rougher pamusoro pekupedzisira uye yakakora maficha, asi zvakanakira zvakare ndezvekuti inoderedza kudiwa kwezvivakwa zvekutsigira uye inodzivirira kudiwa kwema laser-based process.Thermal stresss izvo zvinogona kunetsa.PIXL zvikamu zvinobuda mumuitiro weEBM, zvakati kurei zvishoma muhukuru, zvine hutsinye hwepamusoro, uye kuteya makeke ehupfu mune hollow geometry.
Electron beam melting (EBM) inogona kupa mafomu akaoma ePIXL zvikamu, asi kuti apedze iwo, nhevedzano yematanho emashure ekugadzirisa anofanirwa kuitwa.Mufananidzo kunobva: Carpenter Additives
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kuti uwane hukuru hwekupedzisira, kupera kwepamusoro uye huremu hwePIXL zvikamu, nhevedzano yemashure ekugadzirisa matanho inofanira kuitwa.Nzira dzose dzema mechanical uye makemikari dzinoshandiswa kubvisa poda yakasara uye kutsetseka kwepamusoro.Iko kuongorora pakati pega yega danho rekuita kunovimbisa hutano hwese maitiro.Kuumbwa kwekupedzisira kunongova 22 gramu yakakwirira kudarika bhajeti rose, iyo ichiri mukati mehutano hunobvumirwa.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwekuti zvikamu izvi zvinogadzirwa sei (kusanganisira zviyero zvakabatanidzwa mukudhindwa kwe 3D, dhizaini yezvivakwa zvenguva pfupi uye zvechigarire zvekutsigira, uye ruzivo nezve kubviswa kwehupfu), ndapota tarisa kune iyi nyaya uye utarise ichangoburwa episode yeThe Cool. Zvikamu Ratidza Kuti unzwisise kuti sei, ye 3D kudhinda, iyi inyaya isingawanzo kugadzirwa.
Mu carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), nzira yekubvisa zvinhu iri kupwanya pane kuveura.Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakasiyana kubva kune mamwe maitiro ekugadzirisa.
Nekushandisa yakakosha milling cutter geometry uye nekuwedzera iyo yakaoma coating kune yakatsetseka pamusoro, Toolmex Corp.Chishandiso ichi chinodaidzwa kuti "Mako" uye chikamu chekambani yeSharC nyanzvi yezvishandiso.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-27-2021