Ngokufutshane imveliso, kunzima ukubiza itekhnoloji engcono kuneCNC machining.Inika umxube ojikelezwe kakuhle wezinto eziluncedo ezibandakanya amandla okuphumelela aphezulu, ukuchaneka kunye nokuphindaphinda, ukhetho olubanzi lwezixhobo, kunye nokusebenziseka ngokulula.Ngelixa phantse nasiphi na isixhobo somatshini sinokulawulwa ngokwamanani, umatshini wolawulo lwamanani ekhompyuter ubhekisa kwi-multi-axis milling kunye nokujika.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela umatshini we-CNC osetyenziswa ngayo ukwenza isiko, ukuveliswa komthamo ophantsi kunye neprototyping, i-engineering.com ithethe ne-Wayken Rapid Manufacturing, inkonzo yokwenziwa kweprototype esekwe eShenzhen malunga nezixhobo, itekhnoloji, usetyenziso kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC. .
Xa kufikwa kwizinto eziphathekayo, ukuba ziza kwiphepha, ipleyiti okanye isitokhwe sebha, amathuba okuba ungawumatshini.Phakathi kwamakhulu eentsimbi zentsimbi kunye neepolima zeplastiki ezinokwenziwa ngoomatshini, i-aluminiyam kunye neeplastiki zobunjineli zezona zixhaphakileyo kwiprototype machining.Iinxalenye zeplastiki ezenzelwe ukubunjwa kwimveliso yobuninzi zihlala zitshintshwa kwisigaba seprototype ukwenzela ukuphepha iindleko eziphezulu kunye nexesha elihamba phambili lokwenza isikhunta.
Ukufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo kubaluleke kakhulu xa uprototyping.Ngenxa yokuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zineendleko ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini kunye neekhemikhali, kunokuba bhetele ukusika iprototype kwimathiriyeli efikelelekayo kunento ecwangciselwe imveliso yokugqibela, okanye imathiriyeli eyahlukileyo inokunceda ukwandisa amandla, ukuqina okanye ubunzima benxalenye. ngokunxulumene noyilo lwayo.Kwezinye iimeko, enye imathiriyeli yeprototype inokuvumela inkqubo ethile yokugqiba okanye yenziwe ixesha elide kunenxalenye yokuvelisa ukuququzelela uvavanyo.
Okuchasayo nako kunokwenzeka, ngexabiso eliphantsi lezinto ezithengiswayo ezithatha indawo yeentyantyambo zobunjineli kunye nealloyi zetsimbi ezisebenza kakhulu xa iprototype isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa okulula okusebenzayo njengokujonga kufanelekile okanye ukwakhiwa kwe-mockup.
Nangona ziphuhliselwe ukusebenza kwesinyithi, iiplastiki zinokwenziwa ngempumelelo ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye nezixhobo.Zombini i-thermoplastics kunye ne-thermosets ziyakwazi ukucutshungulwa kwaye zixabisa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokungunda kwesitofu esifutshane samalungu eprototype.
Xa kuthelekiswa nesinyithi, uninzi lwe-thermoplastics njenge-PE, i-PP okanye i-PS iya kunyibilika okanye itshise ukuba ifakwe ngoomatshini kunye nezantya eziqhelekileyo ekusebenzeni kwesinyithi.Izantya eziphezulu zokusika kunye namazinga asezantsi okutya aqhelekile, kwaye izixhobo zokusika izixhobo ezifana ne-rake angle zibalulekile.Ukulawula ubushushu kwindawo esikiweyo kubalulekile, kodwa ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi yokupholisa ayiqhelekanga ukutshizwa kwindawo yokupholisa.Umoya ocinezelweyo unokusetyenziselwa ukususa iitshiphusi.
I-Thermoplastics, ngokukodwa amabakala eemveliso ezingazaliswanga, i-elastically deform njengoko amandla okusika asetyenziswa, okwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokugcina ukunyamezela okusondeleyo, ngokukodwa kwiimpawu ezintle kunye neenkcukacha.Izibane zeemoto kunye neelensi zinzima kakhulu.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 yamava kunye ne-CNC machining yeplastiki, i-Wayken igxile kwiiprototypes zamehlo ezifana neelensi zemoto, izikhokelo ezikhanyayo kunye nezibonisi.Xa umatshini weplastiki ecacileyo efana ne-polycarbonate kunye ne-acrylic, ukufezekisa ukugqiba okuphezulu ngexesha lokucoca kunokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa imisebenzi yokucubungula efana nokusila kunye nokupolisha.I-Micro-fine machining usebenzisa i-single point diamond machining (SPDM) inokubonelela ngokuchaneka ngaphantsi kwe-200 nm kunye nokuphucula uburhabaxa bomphezulu obungaphantsi kwe-10 nm.
Nangona izixhobo zokusika i-carbide ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa izinto ezinzima ezifana neentsimbi, kunokuba nzima ukufumana isixhobo esifanelekileyo sejometri yokusika i-aluminium kwizixhobo ze-carbide.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, izixhobo zokusika zensimbi eziphezulu (HSS) zihlala zisetyenziswa.
I-CNC i-aluminium machining yenye yezona zinto zikhethwayo eziqhelekileyo.Xa kuthelekiswa neeplastiki, i-aluminiyam isikwa ngokutya okuphezulu kunye nesantya, kwaye inokusikwa yome okanye ngokupholisa.Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ibakala le-aluminium xa ucwangcisa ukuyisika.Ngokomzekelo, amabakala angama-6000 axhaphake kakhulu, kwaye aqukethe i-magnesium kunye ne-silicon.Ezi ngxube zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa namabakala angama-7000, umzekelo, aqukethe i-zinc njengesithako esisisiseko se-alloying, kwaye abe namandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukutyunjwa komsindo wempahla yesitokhwe se-aluminium.Ezi zibizo zibonisa unyango lwe-thermal okanye ukuqina kobunzima, umzekelo, ukuba izinto ziye zadlula kwaye zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza ngexesha lomatshini kunye nokusetyenziswa kokugqibela.
I-axis ye-CNC ye-axis ye-machining ixabisa kakhulu kunoomatshini abathathu be-axis, kodwa bafumana ukuxhaphaka kwishishini lokuvelisa ngenxa yeenzuzo ezininzi zobuchwepheshe.Ngokomzekelo, ukusika inxalenye eneempawu kumacala omabini kunokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ngomatshini we-axis-5, ekubeni inxalenye inokulungiswa ngendlela yokuba i-spindle inokufikelela kumacala omabini ekusebenzeni okufanayo, ngelixa i-3-axis machine. , inxalenye iya kufuna ukuseta kabini okanye ngaphezulu.Oomatshini be-axis aba-5 banokuvelisa iijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu ocolekileyo ukwenzela ukuchaneka kwe-machining kuba i-engile yesixhobo inokuhambelana nokumila kwenxalenye.
Ngaphandle kwee-mills, iileyile kunye namaziko okuguqula, oomatshini be-EDM kunye nezinye izixhobo zinokulawulwa yi-CNC.Ngokomzekelo, i-CNC mill + turn centres ixhaphake, kunye nocingo kunye ne-EDM ye-sinker.Kumboneleli wenkonzo yokuvelisa, ukucwangciswa kwesixhobo somatshini oguquguqukayo kunye nezenzo zobuchwephesha kunokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokwenza.I-Flexibility yenye yeenzuzo eziphambili ze-5-axis machining centre, kwaye xa idibaniswa nexabiso eliphezulu lokuthenga koomatshini, ivenkile ikhuthazwa kakhulu ukuyigcina iqhuba i-24/7 ukuba kunokwenzeka.
I-Precision Machining ibhekisela kwimisebenzi yomatshini ehambisa ukunyamezela ngaphakathi kwe-± 0.05mm, esebenza ngokubanzi kwimizila yeemoto, izixhobo zonyango kunye nezixhobo ze-aerospace.
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweMicro-Fine Machining yi-Single Point Diamond Machining (SPDM okanye i-SPDT).Eyona nzuzo iphambili yomatshini wedayimani yeyamalungu omatshini aqhelekileyo aneemfuno ezingqongqo zomatshini: ukuchaneka kwefom engaphantsi kwe-200 nm kunye nokuphucula uburhabaxa bomphezulu obungaphantsi kwe-10 nm.Ekwenziweni kweeprototypes ezibonakalayo ezifana neplastiki ecacileyo okanye iinxalenye zetsimbi ezibonakalisayo, ukugqitywa komphezulu kwi-molds kuyingqwalasela ebalulekileyo.I-Diamond machining yindlela enye yokuvelisa i-high-precision, i-high-finish surface ngexesha lomatshini, ngokukodwa kwi-PMMA, i-PC kunye ne-aluminium alloys.Abathengisi abanobuchule bokwenza izixhobo zokukhanya ezivela kwiiplastiki zikhethekileyo, kodwa banikezela ngenkonzo enokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko xa kuthelekiswa nobude obufutshane okanye i-prototype molds.
Ewe kunjalo, umatshini we-CNC usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuwo onke amashishini okuvelisa ukuveliswa kwentsimbi kunye neenxalenye zeplastiki zokuphela kokusetyenziswa kunye nezixhobo.Nangona kunjalo, kwimveliso yobuninzi, ezinye iinkqubo ezinje ngokubumba, ukuphosa okanye ubuchule bokusitampu zihlala zikhawuleza kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi kunomatshini, emva kokuba iindleko zokuqala zokubumba kunye nezixhobo zihlawulwe kwinani elikhulu lamalungu.
I-CNC machining yinkqubo ekhethwayo yokuvelisa iiprototypes kwiintsimbi kunye neeplastiki ngenxa yexesha elikhawulezayo lokujika xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo efana ne-3D yoshicilelo, ukuphosa, ukubumba okanye ubuchule bokwenza, obufuna ukubumba, ukufa, kunye namanye amanyathelo angaphezulu.
Le 'iqhosha lokutyhalela' lokujika ifayile yedijithali yeCAD ibe yinxalenye idla ngokunconywa ngabaxhasi boshicilelo be-3D njengenzuzo ephambili yoshicilelo lwe-3D.Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, i-CNC ikhethwa kushicilelo lwe-3D ngokunjalo.
Kungathatha iiyure ezininzi ukugqiba umthamo wokwakha ngamnye weendawo eziprintiweyo ze-3D, ngelixa umatshini we-CNC uthatha imizuzu.
Ushicilelo lwe-3D lwakha iinxalenye kwiileya, ezinokubangela amandla e-anisotropic kwinxalenye, xa kuthelekiswa nenxalenye yomatshini eyenziwe kwinto enye.
Uluhlu oluncinci lwezixhobo ezikhoyo zoshicilelo lwe-3D lunokunciphisa ukusebenza kweprototype eprintiweyo, ngelixa iprototypu yomatshini inokwenziwa ngezinto ezifanayo njengenxalenye yokugqibela.Iiprototypes zoomatshini be-CNC zingasetyenziselwa ukugqiba ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuyila ukuhlangabezana nokuqinisekiswa okusebenzayo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kobunjineli beeprototypes.
Iimpawu eziprintiweyo ze-3D ezinje ngeebhore, imingxuma ecoliweyo, umphezulu wokukhwelana kunye nokugqiba komphezulu zifuna ukusetyenzwa kweposi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngomatshini.
Ngelixa ushicilelo lwe-3D lubonelela ngeenzuzo njengeteknoloji yokuvelisa, izixhobo zoomatshini zanamhlanje ze-CNC zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezifanayo ngaphandle kokusilela okuthile.
Ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza oomatshini be-CNC bangasetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.Oku kwenza ukuba umatshini we-CNC ube noqoqosho kwimiba emifutshane yeenxalenye zemveliso ezifuna uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi.
Ukufumana ngakumbi malunga neCNC machining yeeprototypes kunye nemveliso yexesha elifutshane, nceda uqhagamshelane noWayken okanye ucele ikowuti ngewebhusayithi yabo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-30-2019